Do you know about desalination of brackish water?
Brackish water is unsuitable for direct drinking and daily use. Brackish water typically contains high levels of sodium, chlorine, hardness, sulfates, and magnesium, along with problematic components such as iron, manganese, and silicon. It is a complex water source characterized by high scaling, high corrosion, and high total dissolved solids (TDS).
Don't worry, XJY company's brackish Water Desalination system(BWRO) will help you overcome your difficulties.
How does it differ from seawater and freshwater?
The TDS range of brackish water is generally 1,000–10,000 mg/L, and it tastes bitter, astringent, and salty with a strong flavor. Freshwater has a TDS < 500 mg/L (generally less than 1000 mg/L) and is safe for direct consumption or simple treatment. Seawater has a TDS of approximately 35,000 mg/L and extremely high salinity.
What causes brackish water?
(1)Low rainfall and high evaporation prevent salt from being diluted
Insufficient rainwater supply and strong surface evaporation lead to the accumulation of salt in the groundwater layer, eventually forming moderately to highly mineralized water (brackish water).
(2)Slow groundwater circulation causes water to "stagnate" and become salty
Slow groundwater renewal leads to the continuous dissolution of minerals (limestone and gypsum rocks have high Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, and SO₄²⁻ content, while salt rock layers have high NaCl content), resulting in increased TDS.
(3) Agricultural irrigation leads to groundwater salinization
Long-term irrigation causes surface salt to infiltrate downwards, increasing groundwater TDS. This occurs in South Asia, Central Asia, and most arid agricultural areas.
(4)Seawater intrusion (coastal areas)
Commonly seen in: coastal areas of Oman, the UAE, and Qatar; parts of Fujian, Guangdong, and Shandong provinces in China; and the California coast in the United States. Excessive extraction of freshwater from the ground → seawater backflow into the aquifer.
How RO system help desalination of brackish water?
The mainstream method for brackish water desalination is the BWRO (Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis) system. Because the driving force of the reverse osmosis process is pressure, and there is no phase change, the membrane only acts as a "screen," thus requiring relatively low energy consumption. For seawater and brackish water desalination, reverse osmosis is the most energy-efficient method.
Core Principle: High pressure overcomes osmotic pressure, allowing water molecules to pass through the RO membrane, while salt and impurities are retained and discharged.
Desalination of brackish water treatment Process
raw water → raw water pump → sand filter → carbon filter → anti-scale dosing system → security filter → high pressure pump → RO system → UV sterilizer → water supply point
How to solve Concentrated water discharge issue?
The concentrated brackish water produced by the reverse osmosis system is called concentrated brine. Concentrated brine can be discharged directly into the sewer, or you can apply to the government for a deep pit for concentrated water discharge and transport it out by vehicle on a regular basis.
What are the differences between BWRO and SWRO ?
Seawater has a high salinity (approximately 35,000 mg/L), while brackish water has a moderate salinity (2,000–10,000 mg/L). Therefore, the pressure, membrane type, equipment corrosion resistance, and energy consumption are completely different.
(1) membrane elements
Seawater desalination membranes need to withstand higher pressure, higher salt levels, and chemical cleaning, and their lifespan is generally 3-5 years. Seawater membranes have higher pressure resistance, a more compact structure, and a higher desalination rate.
BWRO Working pressure range is 8–16 bar（approximately 120–230 psi）.
SWRO Working pressure range is 50–80 bar（approximately 725–1200 psi）.
(2)Equipment differences
Piping differs from pressure vessels.
Common materials for BWRO systems include: PVC, UPVC, FRP, and 316.
SWRO systems: High-pressure section: Duplex 316 stainless steel, FRP corrosion-resistant tubing, corrosion-resistant.
(3)Investment and operating costs
The cost of brackish water desalination is typically only 20% to 40% of that of seawater desalination.
Why choose XJY comany’s BWRO system?
XJY company's powerful brackish water reverse osmosis series equipment boasts superior desalination rates and water production capacity, catering to various industries worldwide. It helps customers save up to 20% on energy consumption while improving water quality by 60%. XJY is committed to continuously innovating for customers, providing more efficient and cost-effective products.
Contact us
Name: Cliff Mok
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