Iyini i-Electrostatic Precipitator?

Izimboni ziyingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lwethu lwezomnotho, futhi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kuyilungelo labo ukubekezelela izintuthu zentuthu zasefemini eziminyanisa umoya. Kodwa akubona abaningi abazi ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bunesixazululo esihle kakhulu kulokhu iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu ngesimo se-precipitators kagesi. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu ukungcola futhi kusize ukuthuthukisa imvelo.

Iyini i-Electrostatic Precipitator?

I-electrostatic precipitator (ESP) ichazwa njengethuluzi lokuhlunga elisetshenziselwa ukususa izinhlayiya ezincane ezifana nentuthu nothuli olusuka kugesi ogelezayo. Iwumshini osetshenziswa kakhulu ukulawula ukungcoliswa komoya. Zisetshenziswa ezimbonini ezifana nezitshalo zensimbi, nezitshalo zamandla ashisayo.

Ngo-1907, uprofesa wamakhemikhali uFrederick Gardner Cottrell wagunyaza ilungelo lobunikazi bomhlaba wokuqala we-electrostatic owawusetshenziselwa ukuqoqa inkungu ye-sulfuric acid kanye nentuthu ye-lead oxide ephuma emisebenzini ehlukahlukene yokwenza nokuncibilikisa i-asidi.

Umdwebo we-electrostatic precipitator

Isimiso sokuSebenza se-Electrostatic Precipitator

Umgomo wokusebenza we-electrostatic precipitator ulula ngokulingene. Iqukethe amasethi amabili electrode: positive kanye negative. Ama-electrode angalungile asesimweni se-wire mesh, futhi ama-electrode amahle angamapuleti. Lawa ma-electrode abekwe mpo futhi ayashintshana.

isimiso sokusebenza se-electrostatic precipitator

Izinhlayiya ezithwala igesi ezifana nomlotha zikhishwa i-electrode ephezulu yokukhishwa kwamandla ngomphumela we-corona. Lezi zinhlayiya zi-ioni zikhokhiswe kabi futhi zikhangwa amapuleti aqoqiwe ashajwa kahle.

Itheminali enegethivu yomthombo we-voltage ephezulu ye-DC isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma ama-electrode angemuhle, futhi indawo yokugcina yomthombo we-DC isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma amapuleti aqondile. Ukuze wenze i-ionize into ephakathi phakathi kwe-electrode eyinegethivu kanye nephozithivu, ibanga elithile liyagcinwa phakathi kwe-electrode ephozithivu, engeyinhle kanye nomthombo we-DC okuholela ku-voltage ephezulu.

I-medium esetshenziswa phakathi kwama-electrode amabili umoya. Kungase kube khona ukukhishwa kwe-corona eduze kwama-electrode rods noma i-wire mesh ngenxa yokungabi bikho okuphezulu kwezindleko ezingezinhle. Isistimu yonke ivalelwe esitsheni sensimbi esiqukethe indawo yokungena yamagesi aphumayo kanye nendawo yokukhipha amagesi ahlungiwe. Kunama-electron amaningi amahhala njengoba ama-electrode enziwa i-ionized, asebenzisana nezinhlayiya zothuli zegesi, azenze zishajwe kabi. Lezi zinhlayiya ziqhubekela phambili kuma-electrode amahle futhi ziwe ngenxaamandla adonsela phansi. I-flue gas ayinazo izinhlayiya zothuli njengoba igeleza ku-electrostatic precipitator futhi ikhishelwa emkhathini ngoshimula.

Izinhlobo ze-Electrostatic Precipitator

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-electrostatic, futhi lapha, sizofunda ngayinye yazo ngokuningiliziwe. Nazi izinhlobo ezintathu zama-ESPs:

I-Plate precipitator: Lolu uhlobo oluyisisekelo kakhulu lwe-precipitator oluhlanganisa imigqa yezintambo ezincane eziqondile kanye nesitaki samapuleti amakhulu ensimbi ayisicaba abekwe ebangeni elingu-1cm kuya ku-18cm ukuhlukana. Ukusakazwa komoya kudluliselwa ngokuvundlile kumapuleti aqondile bese kuba yinqwaba yamapuleti. Ukuze i-ionize izinhlayiya, i-voltage engalungile isetshenziswa phakathi kocingo nepuleti. Lezi zinhlayiya ezine-ionized zibe seziphambukiselwa kumapuleti aphansi kusetshenziswa amandla e-electrostatic. Njengoba izinhlayiya ziqoqwa epuletini lokuqoqwa, ziyasuswa emoyeni.

I-Dry electrostatic precipitator: Lo mshini usetshenziselwa ukuqoqa ukungcola okunjengomlotha noma usimende esimweni esomile. Iqukethe ama-electrodes lapho izinhlayiya ze-ionized zenziwa khona ukugeleza kanye ne-hopper lapho izinhlayiya eziqoqiwe zikhishwa khona. Izinhlayiya zothuli ziqoqwa emgudwini womoya ngokushaya ama-electrode.

I-electrostatic precipitator eyomile

I-electrostatic precipitator emanzi: Le precipitator isetshenziselwa ukususa inhlaka, uwoyela, itiyela, upende olumanzi ngokwemvelo. Iqukethe abaqoqi abafafazwa ngokuqhubekayo ngamanzi okwenza iqoqo lezinhlayiya ze-ionized kusuka ku-sludge. Asebenza kahle kakhulu kune-ESP eyomile.

I-Tubular precipitator: Le precipitator iyiyunithi yesiteji esisodwa ehlanganisa amashubhu anama-electrode kagesi aphezulu ahlelwa ngokuhambisana ukuze asebenze ku-eksisi yawo. Ukuhlelwa kwamashubhu kungaba yindilinga noma ibe isikwele noma ikhekheba lezinyosi elinezinhlangothi ezine ezinegesi egeleza iye phezulu noma phansi. Igesi yenziwa ukuthi idlule kuwo wonke amashubhu. Bathola izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho izinhlayiya ezinamathelayo zizosuswa khona.

Izinzuzo kanye Nemibi

Izinzuzo ze-electrostatic precipitator:

Ukuqina kwe-ESP kuphezulu.

Ingasetshenziselwa ukuqoqa kokubili ukungcola okomile nokumanzi.

Inezindleko eziphansi zokusebenza.

Ukusebenza kahle kokuqoqwa kwedivayisi kuphezulu ngisho nangezinhlayiya ezincane.

Ingakwazi ukuphatha amavolumu amakhulu egesi kanye nemithwalo yothuli olunzima ngezingcindezi eziphansi.

Okubi kwe-electrostatic precipitator:

Ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukukhishwa kwegesi.

Isidingo sesikhala singaphezulu.

Ukutshalwa kwezimali ezinkulu kuphezulu.

Ayihambisani nezimo ekushintsheni ezimeni zokusebenza.

Izicelo ze-Electrostatic Precipitator

Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbalwa eziphawulekayo ze-electrostatic precipitator zibalwe ngezansi:

Amapuleti e-ESP anezigaba ezimbili asetshenziswa emagumbini enjini ebhodi lomkhumbi njengoba u-gearbox ukhiqiza inkungu kawoyela eqhumayo. Amafutha aqoqiwe aphinde asetshenziswe ohlelweni lokuthambisa lwegiya.

I-ESP eyomile isetshenziswa ezitshalweni ezishisayo ukuhlanza umoya ekungeneni komoya kanye nezinhlelo zokupholisa umoya.

Bathola izicelo emkhakheni wezokwelapha zokususwa kwamagciwane kanye nesikhunta.

Zisetshenziswa esihlabathini se-zirconium ukuze kukhishwe i-rutile ezitshalweni.

Zisetshenziswa ezimbonini ze-metallurgical ukuhlanza ukuqhuma.