0102030405
Isikhungo Sikamasipala Sokuhlanza Indle STP Izisetshenziswa Zokulawula Amanzi Angcolile
Indle yasemadolobheni ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa indle yasekhaya kanye nendle yasezimbonini, eqoqwa wuxhaxha lwamapayipi okukhipha indle asemadolobheni bese ithuthelwa endaweni yokukhuculula indle ukuze ihlanzwe. Ukuhlanzwa kwendle kumasipala kubhekise ezinyathelweni ezithathiwe ukuguqula isimo sendle ukuze ingalimazi amanzi emvelo.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza indle emadolobheni ngokuvamile bunquma idigri yokwelashwa kanye nobuchwepheshe bokwelashwa obuhambisanayo bendle ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa noma ukulahlwa kwendle yasemadolobheni kanye namandla okuhlanzwa kwemvelo kwamanzi. Indle ehlanziwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isetshenziselwa izimboni, ezolimo noma ukushajwa kabusha kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, kufanele ahlangabezane nezindinganiso ezifanele zekhwalithi yamanzi ezikhishwe uhulumeni.
Ubuchwepheshe besimanje bokuhlanza indle, ngokwezinga lokwelashwa, bungahlukaniswa ngenqubo yokwelapha eyisisekelo, eyesibili neyesithathu. Ukwelashwa kwendle okuyisisekelo kusebenza nezindlela ezibonakalayo ezifana nokuhlola kanye nemvula ukuze kukhishwe izinto eziqinile ezilengayo ezingancibiliki kanye nezinto ezintantayo endle. Ukwelashwa kwesibili kokukhucululwa kwendle ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokwelashwa kwebhayoloji, okungukuthi, inqubo yokuguqulwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ngokusebenzisa isenzo se-metabolic yama-microorganisms, kanye ne-oxidation kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwezinto ezihlukahlukene eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-organic in indle zibe izinto ezilula. Ukwelashwa kwebhayoloji kunezidingo ezithile ngekhwalithi yamanzi endle, izinga lokushisa lamanzi, umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe emanzini, inani le-pH, njll. Ukwelashwa kwendle kusekelwe ekuhlanzeni okuyisisekelo nokwesibili, ukusetshenziswa kokujiya, ukucwenga, ukushintshanisa i-ion, i-osmosis ehlehlayo nokunye. izindlela ezingokwenyama nezamakhemikhali zokususa izinto eziphilayo ezingancibiliki, i-phosphorus, i-nitrogen nezinye izakhi endle. Ukwakheka kwezinto ezingcolisa indle kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi inhlanganisela yalezi zindlela ezingenhla ivame ukudingeka ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokwelashwa.
ukwakheka kwezinto ezingcolisa indle kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi inhlanganisela yalezi zindlela ezingenhla ngokuvamile iyadingeka ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokwelashwa.
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kokuthuthwa kwendle ukugeza ngaphambi kwesikhathi, futhi ukwelashwa kwesibili umzimba oyinhloko. Indle eselashiwe ingahlangabezana nezindinganiso zokulahla. Ukwelashwa kwemfundo ephakeme kuwukwelashwa okuseqophelweni eliphezulu, futhi izinga lokuchithwa kwamanzi lihle, ngisho nasezingeni eliphezulu lamanzi okuphuza. Kodwa-ke, izindleko zokwelashwa ziphezulu, futhi akuvamile ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle kwamanye amazwe nezifunda ezinokuntuleka okukhulu kwamanzi. Amadolobha amaningi ezwe lethu akha noma andisa izindawo zokukhuculula indle ukuze kuxazululwe inkinga ekhulayo yokungcoliswa kwamanzi.
Ukushintsha kwenani lamanzi
Amanzi amaningi asetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwabantu kanye nempilo akhishelwa emapayipini okukhuculula indle, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi inani lokukhucululwa kwendle lilingana nenani lamanzi anikeziwe, ngoba ngezinye izikhathi amanzi asetshenzisiwe awakhishelwa emapayipini okuthuthwa kwendle. njengokucisha umlilo, ukugeza amanzi asemgwaqweni akhishelwe emapayipini amanzi emvula noma ahwamuke, okuhambisana nokuvuza kwamapayipi okukhuculula indle, okuholela esimeni sokukhucululwa kwendle ngaphansi kwenani lamanzi elinikeziwe. Ngokuvamile, inani lendle emadolobheni lilinganiselwa ku-80% ~ 90% wamanzi atholakalayo. Ukwengeza, kwezinye izimo, inani langempela lendle elikhishelwe epayipini lendle lingase libe likhulu kunamanzi atholakala ngaphansi komhlaba, njengokungena kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba ngokusebenzisa ipayipi, ukungena kwamanzi emvula ngomthombo wokuhlola, kanye nezimboni noma abanye abasebenzisi ngaphandle kokuhlakazwa. impahla yokuphakela amanzi, ukuphakelwa kwamanzi kwalaba basebenzisi angeke kufakwe phakathi nendawo yokuphakelwa kwamanzi emadolobheni, njll., khona-ke inani lendle lingaba likhulu kunokunikezwa kwamanzi.
Ezinkampanini ezihlukene zezimboni, ukukhishwa kwamanzi angcolile ezimbonini akuhambisani kakhulu, ezinye izimboni zamanzi angcolile ezimbonini zikhishwa ngokufanayo, kodwa izimboni eziningi zamanzi angcolile zikhipha kakhulu, futhi ngisho namanzi angcolile e-workshop ngayinye angase akhishwe ngesikhathi esifushane, kuhlanganiswe ukuvela kwezinqubo ezintsha kanye nemikhiqizo emisha yefekthri, ukuze izinga lamanzi emfucumfucu yasemadolobheni lishintshe njalo. Ukufingqa, ukushintshwa kwekhwalithi yamanzi kanye nenani lokukhucululwa kwendle emadolobheni nakho kuhlobene nesimo sokuthuthukiswa kwedolobha, izinga lempilo yabantu, inani lezinto ezisetshenziswayo zokuhlanzeka, indawo yendawo, isimo sezulu kanye nenkathi yedolobha.
Isilinganiso sokuklama kwendawo yokukhuculula indle yasemadolobheni sincike enanini eliphelele lamanzi angcolile ezimbonini akhishelwa kumtapo wendle Q2 kanye nenani lamanzi emvula Q3 kanye nenani lendle elichithwa abantu basemadolobheni abasebenzisa indle.
Ukwelashwa kwangaphambili
Inqubo yokugezwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwesikhungo sikamasipala sokukhuculula indle ngokuvamile ihlanganisa ukuhlanzwa kwegridi, ukumpompa kwegumbi lokumpompa kanye nokuhlanzwa kwesihlabathi. Inhloso yokwelashwa kwegridi iwukubamba amabhulokhi amakhulu ezinto ukuze kuvikelwe ukusebenza okuvamile kwamapayipi wephampu kanye nezinto zokusebenza. Inhloso yokumpompa igumbi lokupompa ukuphakamisa ikhanda lamanzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi indle ingageleza ngezakhiwo ezihlukahlukene zokuhlanza ezakhiwe phansi ngamandla adonsela phansi. Inhloso yokwelashwa kwesihlabathi sedimentation ukususa isihlabathi, itshe kanye nezinhlayiya ezinkulu ezithwalwa kundle, ukuze kuncishiswe ukuhlaliswa kwazo ezakhiweni ezilandelayo, ukuvimbela izikhungo ukuthi zingangeni, zithinte ukusebenza kahle, zibangele ukuguga nokuvinjwa, futhi kuthinteke ukusebenza okuvamile kwemishini yamapayipi. Inqubo yokwelapha eyinhloko: ikakhulukazi ithangi eliyisisekelo lokuthungatha, inhloso iwukuba kuxazululwe indaba emisiwe emanzini angcolile ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze isuswe, ngokuvamile ithangi eliyisisekelo lokuthungatha lingasusa cishe u-50% wendaba emisiwe futhi cishe u-25% we-BOD5.
Ukwelashwa kwesibili
Ikakhulukazi yakhiwe ithangi le-aeration kanye ne-sedimentation sedimentation tank. Ifeni yokufaka umoya kanye nedivayisi ekhethekile yokungenisa umoya isetshenziselwa ukunikeza umoya-mpilo ethangini lokungenisa umoya. Inhloso enkulu ukuguqula izinto ezingcolisa indle eziningi zibe yi-CO2 ne-H2O ngokusebenzisa i-metabolism yama-microorganisms, okuwubuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa umoya-mpilo. Ngemva kokusabela, ama-microorganisms ku-aeration tank ngokuqhubekayo ageleza ethangini lesibili le-sedimentation kanye namanzi. Ama-microorganisms acwila phansi ethangini futhi abuyiselwe ekugcineni kwethangi lokungenisa umoya ngamapayipi namaphampu ukuze axubane nendle esanda kugeleza. Amanzi okuhlanza acacisiwe ngaphezu kwethangi lesibili le-sedimentation ageleza ephuma endaweni yokukhuculula indle ngokusebenzisa i-weir yokukhipha amanzi.
Ukwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe: ukuhlangabezana nezinga eliphezulu lokuthola izidingo zamanzi noma aphinde asetshenziswe ezimbonini nezinye izinjongo ezikhethekile kanye nokwelashwa okwengeziwe, inqubo evamile iwukuba imvula ejiyile kanye nokuhlunga. Ukuphela kokwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe kuvame ukuba nesidingo se-chlorine kanye nedamu lokuxhumana. Ngezinga eliphezulu lokuthuthukiswa komphakathi kanye nezomnotho emadolobheni, ukucutshungulwa okujulile kuyisidingo sentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo.
Ukwelashwa kodaka
Ihlanganisa ikakhulukazi ukugxilisa ingqondo, ukugaya, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukwenza umquba noma indawo yokulahla imfucumfucu yasekhaya. I-concentration ingaba yimishini noma amandla adonsela phansi, futhi ukugaya okulandelayo kuvame ukugaya kwe-anaerobic mesophilic, okungukuthi, ubuchwepheshe be-anaerobic. I-biogas ekhiqizwa ukugaya ingashiswa njengamandla noma isetshenziselwe ukukhiqiza ugesi, noma isetshenziselwe imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali, njll. Udaka olukhiqizwa ukugaya luzinzile ngokwemvelo futhi lunomphumela womanyolo. Ngemuva kokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, umthamo uyancishiswa wenze ikhekhe, elilungele ukuthuthwa. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lenhlanzeko ye-sludge, ingabuye ihlanganiswe ngesandla noma ngomshini. Udaka oluhlanganisiwe luyisichibiyelo esihle senhlabathi. I-sludge enensimbi esindayo edlula izinga kufanele ilahlwe ngokucophelela ngemva kokwelashwa kokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, futhi ngokuvamile idinga ukugqitshwa futhi ivalwe.
Inqubo yokwelapha ethuthukisiwe yokuqala yemishini yesiteshi sokukhuculula indle
Ukwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe okuyisisekelo, ngokwezidingo zokuhlela kanye nesilinganiso sokwakhiwa kwezindawo zokuhlanza indle emadolobheni, indlela yokwelapha ethuthukisiwe ngokomzimba namakhemikhali, inqubo ye-AB yangaphambili yesiteji, inqubo ye-hydrolysis ye-aerobic indlela yesiteji sangaphambili, indlela ye-sludge evulwe umthwalo omkhulu kanye nobunye ubuchwepheshe kufanele kukhethwe. .
Inqubo yesibili yokwelashwa kwemishini yesiteshi sokuhlanza indle
1. Izindawo zokuhlanza indle enamandla okuhlanza nsuku zonke angaphezu kwama-cubic metres angu-200,000 (ngaphandle kwama-cubic metres angu-20/ngosuku) ngokuvamile zisebenzisa indlela evamile yodaka olucushiwe, kanye nobunye ubuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe bungatholwa.
2, umthamo wansuku zonke wokwelapha we-100,000 ~ 200,000 cubic metres wezindawo zokuhlanza indle, ungakhetha indlela evamile yodaka ecushiwe, indlela yokukhipha i-oxidation, indlela ye-SBR kanye nendlela ye-AB nezinye izinqubo ezivuthiwe.
3.Izindawo zokuhlanza indle ezinomthamo wokwelapha nsuku zonke ongaphansi kwama-cubic metres ayi-10, indlela ye-oxidation ditch, indlela ye-SBR, indlela ye-hydrolysis aerobic, indlela ye-AB kanye nesihlungi se-biological singasetshenziswa, kanye nendlela evamile ye-sludge esebenzayo.
Imishini yesiteshi sokuhlanza indle Ukwelashwa kwesibili okuthuthukisiwe
1. Inqubo yesibili yokwelapha ethuthukisiwe ibhekisela enqubweni yokwelapha ene-phosphorus eqinile nemisebenzi yokukhipha i-nitrogen ngaphezu kokukhipha ngokuphumelelayo ukungcola komthombo wekhabhoni.
2. Ezindaweni ezinezidingo zokulawula izinto ezingcolisa i-nitrogen ne-phosphorus, izindawo zokuhlanza indle ezinamandla okugeza nsuku zonke angaphezu kuka-100,000 cubic metres ngokuvamile zikhetha indlela ye-A/O, indlela ye-A/A/O nobunye ubuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi zikhethe ngobuhlakani obunye ubuchwepheshe umphumela ofanayo.
3. Ezindaweni zokuhlanza indle ezinomthamo wokuhlanza nsuku zonke ongaphansi kuka-100,000 cubic metres, ngaphezu kwendlela ye-A/O kanye nendlela ye-A/A/O, indlela yokukhipha i-oxidation, indlela ye-ABR, indlela ye-hydrolysis aerobic kanye nendlela yokuhlunga yezinto eziphilayo nge-phosphorus kanye umphumela wokususwa kwe-nitrogen nawo ungakhethwa.
4, uma kunesidingo, izindlela ezingokwenyama nezamakhemikhali nazo zingasetshenziswa ukuqinisa umphumela wokususwa kwe-phosphorus.
Inqubo yokwelapha ukuhlanzwa kwemvelo kwemishini yesiteshi sokuhlanza indle
1. Ngaphansi kwesimo sokuhlolwa okuqinile komthelela kwezemvelo kanye nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zamazinga afanele kazwelonke kanye namandla okuzihlanza emizimbeni yamanzi, indlela yokulahla indle yokukhipha indle yasemadolobheni emifuleni noma olwandle olujulile ingamukelwa ngobuhlakani.
I-2, ezindaweni ezinemibandela, ingasebenzisa umhlaba ongenalutho, umhlaba ongasebenzi kanye nezinye izimo ezitholakalayo, ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelashwa komhlaba namachibi okuqinisa kanye nobunye ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanzwa kwemvelo.
3. Uma amanzi angcolile aphuma ekuhlanzweni kwesibili kokukhucululwa kwendle emadolobheni engakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zemvelo yamanzi, uma izimo zivuma, uhlelo lokuhlanza umhlaba kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlanzwa kwemvelo okufana nechibi elizinzile kungasetshenziswa ukuze kuqhubeke ukwelashwa.
4, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokwelashwa komhlaba, kufanele kuvimbele ngokuqinile ukungcoliswa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
Ukwelashwa kwe-sludge kwemishini yesiteshi sokuhlanza indle
1. Udaka olukhiqizwe ukukhuculula indle kamasipala kufanele luphathwe ngendlela ene-anaerobic, aerobic kanye nezindlela zokwenza umquba. Ingaphinde ilahlwe ngendlela efanele nge-sanitary landfill method.
2. Udaka olukhiqizwe izindawo zokukhuculula indle kwesibili namandla okuhlanza nsuku zonke angaphezu kwama-cubic metres ayi-100,000 kufanele zelashwe ngenqubo yokugaya ukudla okune-anaerobic, futhi i-biogas ekhiqizwayo kufanele isetshenziswe ngokugcwele.
3. Udaka olukhiqizwa izindawo zokuhlanza indle enamandla okuhlanza nsuku zonke angaphansi kwama-cubic metres ayi-100,000 lungavundiswa futhi lusetshenziswe ngokuphelele.
4, kusetshenziswa indlela yokulibaziseka ye-aeration oxidation, indlela ye-SBR nobunye ubuchwepheshe bezindawo zokuhlanza indle, udaka ludinga ukufeza ukuzinza. Ezindaweni zokuhlanza indle ezinokwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe ngokomzimba namakhemikhali, udaka olukhiqiziwe kufanele lucoshwe kahle futhi lulahlwe.
5. Ngemuva kokwelashwa, i-sludge ingasetshenziswa endaweni yokulima uma ihlangabezana nezidingo zokuzinza nokungabi nangozi; Udaka olungeke lusetshenziswe endaweni yokulima luzolahlwa ngokuhlanzekile endaweni yokulahla imfucumfucu ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso nezimfuneko.
Indlela yokwelapha
Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza indle emadolobheni buwukusebenzisa izinsiza ezahlukene kanye nemishini kanye nokucubungula ubuchwepheshe ukuze kuhlukaniswe futhi kususwe izinto ezingcolisa indle eziqukethwe emanzini, ukuze izinto eziyingozi ziguqulwe zibe izinto ezingenabungozi nezinto eziwusizo, amanzi ahlanzwe, kanye nezinsizakusebenza. esetshenziswa ngokugcwele.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza indle kamasipala ngokuvamile buhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza umzimba, ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanzwa ngamakhemikhali, ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza umzimba namakhemikhali, ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanzwa kwebhayoloji nokunye.
Ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha obujwayelekile busetshenziswa ekuhlanzeni indle emadolobheni, njengobuchwepheshe bemvula, ubuchwepheshe bokuhlunga kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuntanta komoya.
Ubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile bokwelapha ngamakhemikhali kanye nobuchwepheshe bokwelapha be-physicochemical buhlanganisa ukungathathi hlangothi, ukuhlangana kwe-dosing, ukushintshaniswa kwe-ion, njll.
Ubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile bokwelapha bebhayoloji buhlanganisa ukubola kwe-aerobic oxidative kanye nokuvutshelwa kwebhayoloji ye-anaerobic.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza indle emadolobheni empeleni buwukusetshenziswa kanye nenhlanganisela yalezi zindlela zobuchwepheshe.
Indlela yokwelapha ngokomzimba:
Indlela yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile yokuhlukanisa kanye nokubuyisela ukungcola okumisiwe okungancibiliki (okuhlanganisa ifilimu kawoyela nobuhlalu bamafutha) emanzini angcolile ngokusebenzisa isenzo somzimba ingahlukaniswa ngendlela yokuhlukanisa amandla adonsela phansi, indlela yokuhlukanisa i-centrifugal kanye nendlela yokuhlola yokunqamula. Indlela yokwelapha esekelwe esimisweni sokushintshaniswa kokushisa ibuye ibe yindlela yokwelapha ngokomzimba.
Indlela yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali:
Indlela yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile ehlukanisa futhi isuse ukungcola okuncibilikisiwe kanye ne-colloidal emanzini angcolile noma ukuwaguqula abe izinto ezingenabungozi ngokusabela kwamakhemikhali nokudluliswa okukhulu. Endleleni yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali, iyunithi yokwelapha esekelwe ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali i-coagulation, neutralization, i-REDOX, njll. Amayunithi okucubungula asekelwe ekudlulisweni kobuningi ahlanganisa ukukhishwa, ukuhlubula, ukuhlubula, i-adsorption, ukushintshaniswa kwe-ion, i-electrodialysis kanye ne-osmosis ehlehlayo. Amayunithi amabili okugcina okucubungula abizwa ngokuhlanganyela ngokuthi ubuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa ulwelwesi. Phakathi kwazo, iyunithi yokwelapha esebenzisa ukudluliswa okukhulu inakho kokubili umphumela wamakhemikhali kanye nomthelela womzimba ohlobene, ngakho futhi ingahlukaniswa nendlela yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali ukuze ibe olunye uhlobo lwendlela yokwelapha, ebizwa ngokuthi indlela yamakhemikhali aphathekayo.
Indlela yokwelapha yebhayoloji:
Ngokusebenzisa i-metabolism yama-microorganisms, ukungcola kwe-organic emanzini angcolile esimweni sesisombululo, i-colloid kanye nokumiswa okuhle kuguqulwa kube izinto ezinzile nezingenabungozi. Ngokwamagciwane ahlukene, ukwelashwa kwebhayoloji kungahlukaniswa kube ukwelashwa kwebhayoloji ye-aerobic kanye nokwelashwa kwebhayoloji ye-anaerobic. Ukwelashwa kwebhayoloji ye-Aerobic kusetshenziswa kabanzi ekwelashweni kwebhayoloji yamanzi angcolile. Ngokwesiko, ukwelashwa kwebhayoloji ye-aerobic kuhlukaniswe ngendlela ye-sludge ecushiwe kanye nendlela ye-biofilm. Inqubo ye-sludge ecushiwe ngokwayo iyunithi yokwelapha, enezindlela eziningi zokusebenza. Impahla yokwelapha eyingxenye yendlela ye-biofilm ihlanganisa isisefo sebhayoloji, ithebula le-biological rotary, ithangi le-biological oxidation kanye nombhede owenziwe ngamanzi e-biological, njll. Indlela yechibi le-biological oxidation yaziwa nangokuthi indlela yokwelapha yemvelo yebhayoloji. Ukwelashwa kwebhayoloji ye-Anaerobic, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukwelashwa kokunciphisa kwebhayoloji, kusetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha ukugcwala okuphezulu kwamanzi angcolile e-organic kanye nodaka. Imishini yokwelapha eyinhloko esetshenziswayo i-digester.
Indlela ye-Biological contact oxidation:
Indlela ye-biological contact oxidation isetshenziselwa ukwelapha amanzi angcolile, okungukuthi, inqubo ye-biological contact oxidation isetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa isigcwalisi ethangini lokusabela kwebhayoloji, futhi indle ene-oxygen icwiliswa kuwo wonke isigcwalisi futhi igeleze ngesigcwalisi ngokugeleza okuthile. isilinganiso. Isigcwalisi simbozwe nge-biofilm, kanti indle ne-biofilm kuthintana kakhulu. Ngaphansi kwesenzo se-metabolism yama-microorganisms ku-biofilm, ukungcola okuphilayo emanzini angcolile kuyasuswa futhi indle iyahlanzwa. Ekugcineni, amanzi angcolile acociwe akhishelwa ohlelweni lokwelapha i-biological contact oxidation futhi axutshwe nendle yasekhaya ukuze ahlanzwe, abese ekhishwa ngemva kokukhishwa kwe-chlorine. Indlela ye-biological contact oxidation iwuhlobo lwenqubo ye-biofilm phakathi kwendlela yodaka eyenziwe yasebenza nesihlungi sebhayoloji. Ibonakala ngokubeka i-filler ethangini, i-aeration engaphansi kwethangi ifaka i-oksijeni indle, futhi yenza indle ethangini igeleze, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi indle ixhumene ngokugcwele nesigcwalisi esicwiliswe emanzini, futhi. gwema iphutha lokuthintana okungalingani phakathi kwendle nesigcwalisi ethangini le-biological oxidation. Lo mshini wokungenisa umoya ubizwa ngokuthi i-blast aeration.
Indlela yokuphatha: ukuqapha okukude
Ngokuqoqwa, ukudluliswa, ukugcinwa kanye nokucutshungulwa kokuqala kwedatha yokusebenza kwesikhungo ngasinye sokuhlanza indle kanye nesiteshi sokumpompa, abasebenzi kuwo wonke amazinga ebhizinisi bangakwazi ukulandelela isimo sokukhiqiza nokusebenza nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Kufaneleka kakhulu ukuthi amabhizinisi amaqembu aqondise izinkampani zamaphrojekthi angaphansi ukude.
Qoqa futhi ugcine ngokuzenzakalelayo idatha esebenzayo yamathuluzi aku-inthanethi namathuluzi kusistimu yokulawula okuzenzakalelayo yebhizinisi ngesikhathi sangempela;
Ukuboniswa kwesithombe sesikhathi sangempela sokukhiqizwa nokusebenza kwebhizinisi, okungabukwa ukude ngenethiwekhi;
Idatha yokusebenza yokukhiqiza engokomlando ingatholakala ngokushesha futhi ibukwe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi;
Idatha yokukhiqiza nokusebenza ingaqhathaniswa ngokubukeka ngeshadi lebha, ishadi likaphayi, ishadi lejika neminye imiphumela;
Qaphela ngokuzenzakalelayo zonke izinhlobo zedatha yokusebenza kokukhiqiza, thola i-alamu yesikhathi sangempela engajwayelekile;
Inqubo yokucubungula i-alamu kanye nemiphumela yokucubungula ingalandelelwa futhi irekhodwe;
Ulwazi lwe-alamu yomlando lungabuzwa, lufinyezwe futhi luhlaziywe ngezibalo;
Uhlelo lokucutshungulwa kwe-alamu, luhlinzeke ngereferensi yokucubungula i-alamu, luthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula;
Ukugcinwa kwemishini
Ngokusekelwe ebhukwini lemishini, ngokuhambisa, ukubuyekezwa kanye nokwenziwa kwama-oda omsebenzi njengomugqa oyinhloko, yonke inqubo yomjikelezo wempilo yemishini ilandelelwa futhi ilawulwe ngokuvumelana nezindlela ezimbalwa ezingenzeka ezifana nokulungisa amaphutha, ukugcinwa kokuvimbela, ukugcinwa okugxile ekuthembekeni nesimo. ukulungisa kabusha. Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe besimanje bolwazi ukuze uthuthukise ukwethembeka nokusebenzisa inani lokusebenza kwemishini, unciphise izindleko zokulungisa kanye nezindleko zokulungisa, futhi uqinisekise ukukhiqizwa nokusebenza kwamabhizinisi.
Ukuphathwa kwefayela lemishini ephelele, bamba ngokunembile ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwemishini;
Ukuphathwa okuphelele kokugcinwa kwemishini, ngokusungulwa kohlelo lokugcotshwa kwemishini, ukulungisa kabusha, uhlelo lokukhanda olukhulu noluphakathi, uhlelo luzikhiqizela ngokuzenzakalelayo i-oda lokugcinwa kwemishini ngesikhathi sokuqaliswa kohlelo, bese liwuthumela emnyangweni olungisa izinto zokusebenza. Yenza umsebenzi wokulungisa umshini ucace, uthuthukise impilo yesevisi yemishini;
Ukuphathwa okusebenzayo kokugcinwa kwemishini, ngokusebenzisa i-oda lomsebenzi wokulungiswa kwemishini kusuka esizukulwaneni, ukucubungula, ukuphothulwa kwayo yonke inqubo yokuphatha okujwayelekile, ukuze ukugcinwa kwemishini kusenembe futhi kusebenze kahle;
Isikhumbuzi solwazi lokulungisa esidonsa amehlo, ukuze wonke amazinga abasebenzi abaphethe imishini babambe ngokunembile ukwehluleka kwemishini kanye nesimo sokuyilungisa;
Ukuphathwa kwezingxenye eziyisipele ezisezingeni, ukuze izingxenye ezisele ziphume eshede, zingene endaweni egcina izinto zifane, zigeleze ngendlela ecacile futhi kulula ukuyihlola. Indlela yokuqapha yokusungula ehlakaniphile, isexwayiso esifike ngesikhathi se-inventory ephansi noma ukuphelelwa isikhathi sokusebenza kwezidakamizwa;
Umsebenzi wokuhlaziya izibalo ohlakaniphile, ukuze izinga lobuqotho bemishini, izinga lokuhluleka, izindleko zokulungisa lapho uthi nhla.
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