0102030405
I-Membrane Bioreactor MBR Package System Isikhungo Sokuhlanza Amanzi Angcolile
Umgomo wokusebenza we-mbr membrane bioreactor
I-MBR membrane bioreactor (MBR) iyindlela ephumelelayo yokwelapha amanzi angcolile ehlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa ulwelwesi kanye nobuchwepheshe bokwelapha bebhayoloji. Umgomo wayo wokusebenza usekelwe kakhulu kula maphuzu alandelayo:
Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa i-Membrane: Ulwelwesi lwe-MBR luhlukaniswa ubuchwepheshe be-ultrafiltration noma i-microfiltration membrane, esikhundleni sethangi lesibili lokuthungatha kanye neyunithi yokuhlunga evamile enqubweni yendabuko yokuhlanza indle. Lobu buchwepheshe bungabamba ngempumelelo udaka olucushiwe kanye ne-macromolecular organic matter, ukuze kuzuzwe ukuhlukaniswa koketshezi oluqinile.
Ukuhlukaniswa koketshezi oluqinile olusebenza kahle kakhulu: Umthamo wokuhlukanisa uketshezi oluqinile olusebenza kahle kakhulu lwe-MBR membrane bioreactor yenza ikhwalithi yamanzi angcolile ibe yinhle, into emisiwe kanye ne-turbidity isondele kuziro, futhi ingabamba ukungcola kwebhayoloji njenge-E. coli. Ikhwalithi yamanzi angcolile ngemva kokwelashwa ngokusobala iphakeme kunenqubo evamile yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile, futhi iwubuchwepheshe obusebenzayo nobuyongayo bokusebenzisa kabusha imithombo yamanzi angcolile.
Ukuthuthukisa umphumela wokwelapha: Inqubo yolwelwesi lwe-MBR iqinisa kakhulu umsebenzi we-bioreactor ngobuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa ulwelwesi, futhi ingenye yobuchwepheshe obusha obuthembisayo bokuhlanza amanzi angcolile uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokwelashwa zebhayoloji zendabuko. Inezinzuzo ezisobala njengezinga eliphezulu lokususwa kwezinto ezingcolisayo, ukumelana okuqinile nokuvuvukala kodaka, ikhwalithi yokungcola okuzinzile nethembekile.
Izici zemishini: Izici zenqubo ye-MBR ulwelwesi lwemishini yokuhlanza indle yasekhaya ihlanganisa izinga eliphezulu lokususwa kwezinto ezingcolisayo, ukumelana okuqinile nokuvuvukala kodaka, ikhwalithi yamanzi angcolile ezinzile futhi enokwethenjelwa, ukuvala ngomshini kolwelwesi ukuze kugwenywe ukulahlekelwa amagciwane, kanye nokugcwala kwe-sludge okuphezulu zigcinwe ku-bioreactor.
I-MBR membrane bioreactor ngokusebenzisa izimiso ezingenhla, ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela osebenza kahle futhi ozinzile wokwelashwa kwendle, osetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlanzeni indle yasekhaya, ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi angcolile ezimbonini neminye imikhakha.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-MBR membrane bioreactor
Isistimu ye-Membrane bioreactor (MBR) ngokuvamile yakhiwa izingxenye ezilandelayo:
1. Umthombo wokungena kwamanzi: umthombo ongenisa amanzi ufakwe ichweba elichichimayo kanye nesango lokungena kwamanzi. Esimeni lapho ubuningi bamanzi budlula umthwalo wesistimu noma uhlelo lokuhlanza luba nengozi, isango lokungena kwamanzi liyavalwa, futhi indle ikhishelwa ngokuqondile emfuleni noma inethiwekhi yamapayipi kamasipala eseduze ngokusebenzisa ichweba elichichimayo.
2. Igridi: indle ngokuvamile iqukethe imfucumfucu eningi, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-membrane bioreactor, kuyadingeka ukunqamula zonke izinhlobo zemicu, i-slag, imfucumfucu yephepha kanye nezinye imfucumfucu ngaphandle kwesistimu, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukusetha. igridi ngaphambi kwesistimu, futhi njalo uhlanze igridi slag.
3.Ithangi lokulawula: Inani kanye nekhwalithi yendle eqoqiwe iyashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuvamile kwesistimu yokwelapha elandelayo futhi kuncishiswe umthwalo wokusebenza, kuyadingeka ukulungisa ubuningi kanye nekhwalithi yokuthuthwa kwendle, ngakho-ke ithangi lokulawula liklanyelwe ngaphambi kokungena ohlelweni lokwelashwa kwezinto eziphilayo. I-conditioning tank idinga ukuhlanzwa i-sediment njalo. Iphuli yokulawula ngokuvamile isethelwe ukuchichima, engaqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwesistimu lapho umthwalo mkhulu kakhulu.
4. Umqoqi wezinwele: Kuhlelo lokuhlanza amanzi, ngoba amanzi angcolile okugeza aqoqiwe aqukethe inani elincane lezinwele kanye ne-fiber kanye nezinye izinsalela ezinhle igridi engakwazi ukuyivimba ngokuphelele, izobangela ukuvinjelwa kwepompo kanye ne-MBR reactor, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa, ngakho-ke i-membrane bioreactor ekhiqizwa inkampani yethu ifakiwe umqoqi wezinwele.
5. Ithangi lokusabela le-MBR: Ukucekelwa phansi kwezinto ezingcolile eziphilayo kanye nokuhlukaniswa kodaka namanzi kwenziwa ethangini lokusabela le-MBR. Njengengxenye eyinhloko yesistimu yokwelapha, ithangi lokusabela lihlanganisa amakholoni amancane, izingxenye ze-membrane, isistimu yokuqoqa amanzi, isistimu yokukhipha ukungcola, kanye nesistimu yokufaka umoya.
6. Umshini wokubulala amagciwane: Ngokwezidingo zamanzi, uhlelo lwe-MBR olukhiqizwe yinkampani yethu luklanywe ngomshini wokubulala amagciwane, ongalawula umthamo ngokuzenzakalelayo.
7. Idivayisi yokulinganisa: Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu, uhlelo lwe-MBR olukhiqizwa inkampani yethu lusebenzisa amadivaysi okulinganisa afana namamitha okugeleza kanye namamitha amanzi ukulawula imingcele yesistimu.
8. Idivayisi yokulawula i-elekthronikhi: ibhokisi lokulawula likagesi elifakwe ekamelweni lemishini. Ilawula kakhulu iphampu yokudonsa, ifeni kanye nepompo yokumunca. Isilawuli sitholakala ngamafomu okwenziwa ngesandla kanye ne-othomathikhi. Ngaphansi kokulawula kwe-PLC, iphampu yamanzi engenisayo isebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokwezinga lamanzi lechibi ngalinye lokusabela. Ukusebenza kwephampu yokumunca kulawulwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngokuya kwesikhathi esisethiwe. Uma izinga lamanzi lechibi lokusabela le-MBR liphansi, iphampu yokumunca iyama ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze ivikele ukuhlanganiswa kwefilimu.
9. Ichibi elihlanzekile: ngokuya ngenani lamanzi nezidingo zabasebenzisi.
Izinhlobo ze-MBR membrane
Amamembrane ku-MBR (i-membrane bioreactor) ahlukaniswe kakhulu abe yizinhlobo ezilandelayo, ngayinye enezici ezihlukile:
I-fiber membrane engenalutho:
Ifomu elingokomzimba: I-fiber membrane engenalutho iyisakhiwo senqwaba, esakhiwe izinkulungwane zemicu emincane engenalutho, ingaphakathi le-fiber yisiteshi esiwuketshezi, ngaphandle kwamanzi angcolile okumele ahlanzwe.
Izici: Ukuminyana kwendawo ephezulu: kunendawo enkulu yolwelwesi olungaphezulu ngevolumu yeyunithi ngayinye, okwenza okokusebenza kuhlangane futhi kuncane. Ukugeza igesi okulula: Ingaphezulu lefilimu lingagezwa ngokuqondile nge-aeration, okusiza ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwe-membrane.
Kulula ukufaka nokufaka esikhundleni: Idizayini eyimojuli ukuze ilungiswe kalula futhi ithuthuke.
Ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wembobo kuyafana: umphumela wokuhlukanisa muhle, futhi izinga lokugcinwa kwezinto ezimisiwe nama-microorganisms liphezulu.
Ukuhlukaniswa: kufaka phakathi ifilimu yekhethini nefilimu eyisicaba, ifilimu yekhethini ivame ukusetshenziselwa i-MBR engaphansi kwamanzi, ifilimu eyisicaba ifanele i-MBR yangaphandle.
Ifilimu eyisicaba:
Isimo somzimba: I-diaphragm igxilile esisekelweni, futhi izinhlangothi zombili ngokulandelana zingamanzi angcolile okufanele ahlanzwe kanye noketshezi olugelezayo.
Izici:
Isakhiwo esizinzile: i-diaphragm ebushelelezi, amandla aphezulu emishini, akulula ukuguqulwa, ikhono eliqinile lokucindezela.
Umphumela omuhle wokuhlanza: Ingaphezulu kulula ukuyihlanza, futhi ukungcola kungasuswa ngempumelelo ngokuhlanza amakhemikhali nokukhuhla ngokomzimba.
Ukumelana nokugqoka: Ekusebenzeni kwesikhathi eside, ukugqokwa kwefilimu kuncane, futhi impilo yesevisi yinde.
Ifanele ukuhlukaniswa koketshezi oluqinile: umphumela wokunqamula wento emisiwe enezinhlayiya ezinkulu muhle kakhulu.
Ifanele amaphrojekthi amakhulu: Idizayini ye-modular kulula ukunwetshwa futhi ifanele izindawo ezinkulu zokuhlanza indle.
Ifilimu ye-Tubular:
Ifomu Lomzimba: I-membrane ye-membrane isongwe emzimbeni osekela i-tubular, futhi amanzi angcolile ageleza eshubhu futhi angene ngoketshezi olusuka odongeni lweshubhu.
Izici:
Ikhono eliqinile lokulwa nokungcola: Idizayini yesiteshi sokugeleza sangaphakathi isiza ukwakheka kwesiyaluyalu futhi inciphise ukubekelwa kwezinto ezingcolisayo ebusweni bolwelwesi.
Ikhono elihle lokuzihlanza: ukugeleza koketshezi olunesivinini esikhulu epayipini kusiza ukugeza i-membrane futhi kunciphise ukungcoliswa kwe-membrane.
Ijwayelana namanzi angcolile amiswe okwesikhashana: ukugcwala okuphezulu kwento emisiwe kanye ne-fibrous matter inamandla okwelapha angcono.
Ukugcinwa okulula: Uma ingxenye eyodwa ye-membrane ilimele, ingashintshwa ngokuhlukana, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza kohlelo lonke.
Ifilimu ye-Ceramic:
Ifomu lomzimba: ifilimu enezimbotshana efakwe ezintweni ezingaphili (njenge-alumina, i-zirconia, njll.), enesakhiwo esiqinile esiqinile.
Izici:
Ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali okuhle kakhulu: ukumelana ne-asidi, i-alkali, izinyibilikisi eziphilayo namazinga okushisa aphezulu, afanele izindawo zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile ezimbonini.
Ukumelana nokugqoka, ukulwa nokungcola: i-membrane ebushelelezi, akulula ukumunca izinto eziphilayo, izinga eliphezulu lokululama ngemuva kokuhlanza, impilo ende.
Isimbobo esinembe futhi esilawulekayo: ukunemba okuphezulu kokuhlukanisa, kulungele ukuhlukaniswa okuhle nokususwa kokungcola okuthile.
Amandla aphezulu emishini: ukumelana nokuqhekeka, kufanelekile ekusebenzeni kwengcindezi ephezulu kanye nokuwashwa emuva njalo.
Ukuhlukaniswa ngosayizi wokuvula:
I-Ultrafiltration membrane: Imbobo incane (ngokuvamile iphakathi kuka-0.001 no-0.1 microns), ikakhulukazi ukususa amagciwane, amagciwane, ama-colloid, i-macromolecular organic matter nokunye.
I-Microfiltration membrane: Imbobo ikhudlwana kancane (cishe i-micron engu-0.1 kuya ku-1), ikakhulukazi ibamba okuqinile okumisiwe, ama-microorganisms, kanye ne-macromolecular organic matter.
Ukuhlukaniswa ngokubeka:
Ukucwiliswa: Ingxenye ye-membrane icwiliswa ngokuqondile oketshezini oluxubile ku-bioreactor, futhi uketshezi oluvuzayo lukhishwa ngokumuncwa noma ngokukhipha igesi.
Okungaphandle: Imojula ye-membrane isethwe ngokuhlukile ku-bioreactor. Uketshezi oluzophathwa lucindezelwa yipompo futhi lugeleze kumojula ye-membrane. Uketshezi olugelezayo oluhlukanisiwe kanye noketshezi olugxilile luqoqwa ngokwehlukana.
Ngamafuphi, izinhlobo ze-membrane ku-MBR zihlukahlukene futhi zinezici zazo, futhi ukukhethwa kwe-membrane kuncike ezindaweni ezithile zamanzi angcolile, izidingo zokwelashwa, isabelomali sezomnotho, izimo zokusebenza nokugcinwa kanye nezinye izici. Abaqambi nabasebenzisi badinga ukukhetha okufanele ngokwesimo sangempela ukuze baqinisekise ukusebenza kahle nokuzinzile kwesistimu ye-MBR.
Iqhaza le-MBR membrane bioreactor ekwelashweni kwamanzi angcolile
Iqhaza lesistimu ye-MBR ekuhlanzeni indle ibonakala ikakhulukazi kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
Ukuhlukaniswa okuqinile okuqinile-oketshezi. I-MBR isebenzisa ulwelwesi ulwelwesi ukuze ifinyelele ukuhlukaniswa okuqinile koketshezi oluqinile, ithuthukise kakhulu ikhwalithi yokuchitheka kwamanzi, eduze neqanda lezinto ezimisiwe kanye ne-turbidity, futhi isuse ngokuphawulekayo amagciwane namagciwane.
Ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kwe-microbial. I-MBR iyakwazi ukugcina ukugxila okuphezulu kodaka olucushiwe futhi ikhulise umthwalo wemvelo wokwelashwa kwebhayoloji, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise umkhondo wesikhungo sokuhlanza amanzi angcolile.
Yehlisa udaka oluningi. Ngenxa yomphumela wokucasha we-MBR, ukukhiqizwa kodaka olusele kungancishiswa futhi izindleko zokwelashwa kodaka zingancishiswa. 34
Ukususwa okusebenzayo kwe-ammonia nitrogen. Uhlelo lwe-MBR lungabamba ama-microorganisms ngomjikelezo omude wesizukulwane, njengamabhaktheriya afaka i-nitrifying, ukuze kwehliswe ngempumelelo i-ammonia nitrogen emanzini.
Yonga isikhala futhi unciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Isistimu ye-MBR ngokuhlukaniswa okuqinile koketshezi oluqinile kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-bioenrichment, isikhathi sokuhlala ku-hydraulic seyunithi yokwelapha sifinyezwa kakhulu, indawo ye-bioreactor iyancishiswa ngokufanayo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla kweyunithi yokwelapha nakho kuncishisiwe ngokuhambisanayo ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kakhulu ulwelwesi.
Thuthukisa ikhwalithi yamanzi. Amasistimu e-MBR ahlinzeka ngokulahlwayo kwekhwalithi ephezulu okuhlangabezana nezindinganiso eziqinile zokukhipha noma izimfuneko zokuphinda zisetshenziswe.
Kafushane, i-MBR membrane bioreactor idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlanzeni indle, okuhlanganisa ukuhlukaniswa okuqinile koketshezi oluqinile, ukwandisa ukuhlushwa kwe-microbial, ukunciphisa udaka olusele, ukususa ngokuphumelelayo i-ammonia nitrogen, ukonga isikhala nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, njll. Kuyindle ephumelelayo neyongayo. ubuchwepheshe bezinsiza.
Inkambu yohlelo lokusebenza ye-MBR membrane
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1990, i-membrane bioreactor (MBR) ingene esigabeni sokusebenza esisebenzayo. Namuhla, i-membrane bioreactors (MBR) isetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni elandelayo:
1. Ukugezwa kwendle kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha kwamanzi ezakhiweni
Ngo-1967, indawo yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile kusetshenziswa inqubo ye-MBR yakhiwa inkampani yase-United States, eyaphatha u-14m3/d wamanzi angcolile. Ngo-1977, kwasetshenziswa isimiso sokuphinda kusetshenziswe indle esakhiweni esiphakeme eJapane. Maphakathi nawo-1990s, bekunezitshalo ezinjalo ezingama-39 ezisebenza eJapan, ezinamandla okwelapha afinyelela ku-500m3 /d, kanye nezakhiwo eziphakeme ezingaphezu kwe-100 zasebenzisa i-MBR ukuhlanza indle emuva emanzini aphakathi nendawo.
2. Ukwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile ezimbonini
Kusukela ngawo-1990, izinto zokwelashwa kwe-MBR ziyaqhubeka nokukhula, ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa kabusha kwamanzi, ukuthuthwa kwendle, ukusetshenziswa kwe-MBR ekuhlanzeni amanzi angcolile ezimbonini nakho bekulokhu kukhathazwa kabanzi, njengokuphathwa kwamanzi angcolile embonini yokudla, amanzi angcolile okucubungula amanzi, amanzi angcolile e-aquaculture. , amanzi angcolile okukhiqizwa kwezimonyo, amanzi angcolile odayi, amanzi angcolile e-petrochemical, bathole imiphumela emihle yokwelapha.
3. Ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi okuphuza angcolile
Ngokusetshenziswa okubanzi komanyolo we-nitrogen nezibulala-zinambuzane kwezolimo, amanzi okuphuza nawo angcoliswe ngamazinga ahlukahlukene. Maphakathi nawo-1990s, inkampani yathuthukisa inqubo ye-MBR ngemisebenzi yokususwa kwe-nitrogen ye-biological, i-adsorption yezinambuzane kanye nokususwa kwe-turbidity ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukugxila kwe-nitrogen emanzini angcolile kungaphansi kuka-0.1mgNO2/L, futhi ukuhlushwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane kuncane. ngaphezu kuka-0.02μg/L.
4. Ukwelashwa kwendle
Okuqukethwe kwezinto eziphilayo emanzini okukhucululwa kwendle kuphezulu kakhulu, indlela yokwelapha yendabuko ye-denitrification idinga ukugcwala kodaka oluphezulu, futhi ukuhlukaniswa koketshezi oluqinile akuzinzile, okuthinta umphumela wokwelashwa okuphakeme. Ukuvela kwe-MBR kuyixazulula kahle le nkinga, futhi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukwelapha indle yendle ngokuqondile ngaphandle kokuhlanjululwa.
5. Ukwelashwa kwe-leachate ye-Landfill/fertilizer
Imfucumfucu yokulahla udoti/umquba iqukethe izinto ezingcolisayo, izinga layo kanye nenani lamanzi liyahlukahluka kuye ngezimo zezulu nezimo zokusebenza. Ubuchwepheshe be-MBR babusetshenziswa ezitshalweni eziningi zokuhlanza indle ngaphambi kuka-1994. Ngokuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe be-MBR ne-RO, hhayi kuphela i-SS, i-organic matter ne-nitrogen engasuswa, kodwa futhi nosawoti nezinsimbi ezinzima zingasuswa ngokuphumelelayo. I-MBR isebenzisa ingxube eyenzeka ngokwemvelo yamabhaktheriya ukuze iphule ama-hydrocarbon nezinhlanganisela ezifakwe i-chlorinated ku-leachate futhi yelapha ukungcola ezindaweni ezigxiliswe izikhathi ezingu-50 kuya kweziyi-100 ngaphezu kwamayunithi avamile okuhlanza amanzi angcolile. Isizathu salo mphumela wokwelapha ukuthi i-MBR ingagcina amagciwane asebenza kahle kakhulu futhi ifinyelele ukuhlangana kwebhaktheriya okungu-5000g/m2. Esivivinyweni somshayeli wendiza, i-COD yoketshezi lwe-inlet ingamakhulu ambalwa kuya ku-40000mg/L, futhi izinga lokususa ukungcola lingaphezu kwama-90%.
Ithemba lokuthuthukiswa kwe-MBR membrane:
Izindawo ezibalulekile nezikhombisi-ndlela zohlelo lokusebenza
A. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo ezikhona zokukhuculula indle emadolobheni, ikakhulukazi izitshalo zamanzi ikhwalithi yazo yokulahlwa kunzima ukuhlangabezana nezinga noma ukugeleza kwazo kokuhlanza kukhuphuka kakhulu futhi indawo yazo engakwazi ukunwetshwa.
B. Izindawo zokuhlala ezingenazo uhlelo lwenethiwekhi yokudonsa amanzi, njengezindawo zokuhlala, izindawo zokungcebeleka zabavakashi, izindawo ezinhle, njll.
C. Izindawo noma izindawo ezinezidingo zokuphinda zisetshenziswe kabusha indle, njengamahhotela, izindawo zokuwasha izimoto, izindiza zabagibeli, izindlu zangasese ezihambayo, njll., zinikeza ukudlala okuphelele ezicini ze-MBR, njengendawo encane yaphansi, okokusebenza okuhlangene, ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo, ukuguquguquka nokulula. .
D. Ukugxila okuphezulu, okunobuthi, okunzima ukwehlisa ukulungiswa kwamanzi angcolile ezimbonini. Njengephepha, ushukela, utshwala, isikhumba, ama-synthetic fatty acids nezinye izimboni, kuyiphuzu elivamile lokungcoliswa komthombo. I-MBR ingaphatha kahle amanzi angcolile angakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezinga lenqubo yokwelapha evamile futhi asebenzise kabusha.
E. Ukwelashwa kwe-leachate nokusetshenziswa kabusha kwe-Landfill.
F. Ukufakwa kwezitshalo ezincane zokukhucululwa kwendle (iziteshi). Izici zobuchwepheshe be-membrane zifaneleka kakhulu ukwelapha indle encane.
Isistimu ye-Membrane bioreactor (MBR) isibe ubuchwepheshe obusha bokuhlanza amanzi angcolile kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha kwamanzi angcolile ngenxa yekhwalithi yamanzi ahlanzekile, acacile futhi azinzile. Ezindinganisweni zanamuhla eziqinile zemvelo yamanzi, i-MBR ibonise amandla ayo amakhulu okuthuthuka, futhi izoba imbangi enamandla yokuthatha indawo yobuchwepheshe bokuhlanza amanzi angcolile esikhathini esizayo.