0102030405
I-Industrial Agitated Sludge Thin Film Dryer Slurry Treatment Drying Machine
Isingeniso Sephrojekthi
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo komnotho kanye nokwenza ngcono okuqhubekayo kwenani lokukhiqizwa kwamabhizinisi ezimboni, kanye nenqubekela phambili esheshayo yokufudukela emadolobheni, umthamo wokuchithwa nokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile ezimbonini kanye nendle yasemadolobheni nakho kuyanda usuku nosuku. Ngokuthandwa nxazonke kwezindawo zokuhlanza indle namanzi angcolile, ukwenziwa ngcono kokusebenza kahle kokuhlanza indle namanzi angcolile kanye nokujula kwedigri yokuhlanza indle kanye namanzi angcolile, kuletha ukwanda okukhulu kokuphuma kodaka. Ukwelashwa nokulahlwa kukadaka sekuyinkinga evimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokuhlanza indle.
NgokoMhlahlandlela Wezobuchwepheshe wokuhlanza udaka kanye nokulahlwa kwezindawo zokuhlanza indle Emadolobheni ezikhishwe uhulumeni, kuhlongozwa izindlela ezine zokulahla udaka, okuwukusetshenziswa komhlaba, indawo yokulahlwa kwenhlanzeko, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokwakha kanye nokushiswa kodoti okomile. Ngenxa yezingqinamba ezikhulayo kanye nezici ezingezinhle zodaka kwezolimo, indawo yokulahla imfucumfucu, ulwandle nezinye izici, ukwelashwa kokushiswa kodaka kanye nendlela yokulahla sekusetshenziswe kabanzi futhi kugqugquzelwa kabanzi emazweni ahlukahlukene, akungabazeki ukuthi ukushiswa kodaka kuzoba yinto eyodwa. wezinhlelo zokulahla ezibaluleke kakhulu nezifanelekile kulesi sigaba.
Ngokusho kodaka olukhiqizwe yinkampani lunezici zobuchwepheshe zemfucuza eyingozi, ukushiswa nokulahlwa kwemikhiqizo ngemuva kokumiswa, kanye nesidingo somthombo wokushisa umusi, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukucubungulisisa ukuphepha kwayo, ukuguquguquka kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuguquguquka kwezomnotho, ukusetshenziswa kwayo. kanye nokuphromotha, kuhlanganiswe nohlobo lwemishini yenqubo yokomisa esetshenziswa ekomisweni kodaka oseluqalile ukusebenza, izinhlobo eziyisithupha zemishini yenqubo yokomisa udaka, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lombhede olunamanzi, uhlobo lwezigaba ezimbili, uhlobo longqimba oluncane, uhlobo lwe-paddle, uhlobo lwediski nesifutho uhlobo, kwaqhathaniswa futhi kwakhethwa. Kuhlanganiswe nokuvuthwa kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuzinza kwesistimu, ukuphepha kokusebenza kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kokulahlwa kwezinto eziyisithupha ezingenhla ezingenhla, uhlobo lwemishini yokomisa ifilimu elincanyana ekugcineni lwanqunywa.
Isimiso sokusebenza sesomisi sefilimu esincane
1. Izingxenye zemishini yokomisa ifilimu elincanyana
Ngokuvamile, i-dryer yefilimu encane yenziwe ngegobolondo le-cylindrical elinesendlalelo sokushisa, i-rotor ejikelezayo kugobolondo, kanye nedivayisi yokushayela ye-rotor. I-rotor ifakwe izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene kanye nokucaciswa kwe-paddle, i-paddle kanye ne-rotor zilungiswa ngamabholithi, imodi yomhlangano ingashintshwa ngokuguquguqukayo, ukuze ivumelane nokushintsha kwezici ze-sludge namandla okwelapha; Igobolondo eliphelele le-dryer yefilimu elincanyana lihlanganiswe ezigabeni. Ngokwezidingo ezihlukene zokulahla, ingahlukaniswa ezindaweni eziningi zokushisa, futhi ingakwazi ukubona ukulawula komuntu ngamunye, ukulungiswa kwezinga lokushisa, ukushintshwa okuguquguqukayo nezinye izinto zokusebenza.
2. Incazelo yenqubo yokwelashwa kwe-sludge kanye nokunyakaza kwezinto ezibonakalayo ngomshini wokomisa ifilimu omncane
Wonke umshini wokomisa ifilimu omncane we-sludge uhlelwa futhi ufakwe ngokuvundlile. Kokubili igobolondo eliyisilinda elinesendlalelo sokushisisa kanye nerotha ezungezayo kugobolondo zivundlile. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-blades zifakwe ku-rotor, futhi isikhala phakathi kwama-blades nodonga olushisayo ngu-5 ~ 10 mm. Ukuhlelwa kwalawa ma-blades kufakwe ku-rotor, futhi ingqikithi yemigqa ye-18 yama-blades ihlelwe ngendlela ye-radial ezungeze isiyingi sombhobho wokomisa.
Ama-blade asakazwayo asatshalaliswa ekugcineni kokungena kodaka futhi ekugcineni kodaka lwe-rotor. Kufakwe ama-scraper ama-scraper ama-4 kukholomu ngayinye yesiphetho sodaka lwesilinda, afakwe ku-Engeli engu-45 ° ngomugqa wekholomu. Inhloso yokufakwa okunjalo ukuqaphela ukuthi i-sludge ixhunywe ngokushesha ebusweni bodonga olushisayo ngemuva kokungena ku-cylinder futhi inomsebenzi wokudlulisela ekupheleni kokukhishwa, ingqikithi yezingcezu ezingu-72; Ama-blade e-scraper wekhava yokuphela afakwe kukholomu ngayinye yesiphetho sodaka, futhi ama-scraper blades asabalele ekugcineni kwesiphakeli afakwe ku-Angle e-oblique engu-45 °, ukuze inhloso yokufaka iwukuba ivimbele amandla angenayo omkhiqizo. lapho ukhipha ukufeza umsebenzi wokukhipha mahhala ngamandla adonsela phansi, ingqikithi yezingcezu ezingama-36.
Ama-transmission blades asakazwa endaweni ephakathi nendawo ye-rotor, futhi ama-blade angu-40 afakwe kukholomu ngayinye, aphelele ama-720.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-blades ziqaphela ngokugcwele imisebenzi ebalulekile yokusabalalisa udaka, ukusabalalisa, ukukhuhla, ukunyakazisa, ukuhlanganisa i-backmixing, ukuzihlanza kanye nokuthutha endaweni yodonga olushisayo kusukela emsebenzini. Kafushane, lapho udaka olumanzi lungena lusuka komunye umkhawulo wesomisi ovundlile, ngokushesha lusakazwa ngokuqhubekayo ebusweni bodonga olushisayo nge-rotor ejikelezayo ukuze yenze ungqimba oluncane lwempahla. Ngenkathi ama-blade ku-rotor eqhubeka egoqa ungqimba oluncane lwe-sludge olumanzi olusatshalaliswa ebusweni bodonga olushisayo, ama-blade adlulisayo ane-guide Angle function efakwe ku-rotor ajikelezayo ngokuzungeza okuyisiyingi kwe-rotor. Izinhlayiya ze-semi-dry sludge ezikhiqizwa ohlelweni lwe-sludge ungqimba oluncane nokomisa zibonisa ukudluliswa okuvundlile nge-axial direction ye-rotor ngesivinini esithile somugqa, futhi iqhubekele phambili endaweni yokukhipha i-sludge kwenye indawo yokomisa ifilimu encane. Usayizi we-axial wobude besomisi sefilimu elincanyana akuwona nje umugqa ovundlile ukusuka ekugcineni kokuphakelayo kuya ekugcineni kokukhipha, kodwa futhi uqedela ukuphakela nokukhipha udaka kuso sonke isilinda esivundlile sefilimu esomisile. Kule nqubo, udaka olumanzi lushiswa ngokulinganayo ngodonga olushisayo lwesitimu futhi amanzi ayahwamuka. Isikhathi sokuhlala se-sludge esimanzi esomisweni sefilimu esincanyana siyimizuzu eyi-10 ~ 15, engabona ukuqala okusheshayo, ukuma nokukhipha, futhi ukusebenza kwenqubo nokulawulwa kokulungiswa kwemishini kuyashesha kakhulu.
3. Inqubo yokuqoqa igesi yokukhipha okomisa ifilimu encane
Umswakama wodaka oluphakelwa umshini wokomisa ifilimu omncane ungama-75%~85%(okubalwa njengo-80%), kanti umswakama wodaka okhiqizwe isomisi sefilimu esincanyana ungama-35%. I-semi-dry sludge ethulwa njenge-granular ithuthelwa kuyunithi elandelayo ngesigaba esilandelayo sokuthutha impahla. Igesi exubile yesithwali, efana nomhwamuko, uthuli oluphumayo kanye negesi yephunga, ekhiqizwa inqubo yokusebenza kwesomisi sefilimu esincanyana, ihamba ngokuphambene nodaka kusilinda, futhi iphonswa kusijikijelwa ngepayipi elisuka ethangini legesi elikhipha umoya. ngaphezu kwembobo yokuphakela udaka. Ku-condenser, amanzi egesi yenkampani ethwalayo afinyezwa ku-steam, futhi igesi engancibiliki ihlukaniswa ngamaconsi futhi ikhishelwe ohlelweni lokumisa ngokusebenzisa i-fan yokusalungiswa eyenziwe yigesi ephumayo. Inani legesi yokukhipha inqubo yokomisa ifilimu elincanyana lincane uma kuqhathaniswa, ngokuvamile kuphela u-5% ~ 10% wokuhwamuka kwesistimu. Ifeni esalungiswa ebangelwa ukukhathala senza lonke isistimu yokomisa ibe sesimweni sokucindezela okuncane ukuze kugwenywe ukuchichima kwegesi eyiphunga nothuli.
Ukukhethwa kwemishini yesistimu yokomisa ifilimu emincane
1. Ukugeleza kwesistimu yokomisa ifilimu elincanyana
Inqubo ye-sludge medium: i-sludge emanzi ethola umgqomo + iphampu yokulethwa kwe-sludge + isomisi sefilimu esincanyana + okokusebenza okomile okomile + okomisa umugqa + isipholile somkhiqizo.
Inqubo ye-exhaust gas medium: isitimu sokuhwamuka (isitimu esixutshwe)+ ibhokisi legesi elilahlwayo + i-condenser + inkungu eqeda inkungu + isisetshenziswa esisalungiswa sefeni + esiqeda iphunga.
Udaka olusemgqonyeni wokwamukela udaka luthunyelwa ngokuqondile ukomisa ifilimu elincanyana ngepompo le-sludge screw ukuze omiswe. I-sludge yomshini wokomisa ifilimu omncane ifakwe i-valve yesango lommese womoya, exhunywe nemingcele yokulawula enengqondo yepompo yokudla, isikulufu sokuphakelayo, ukuvikela ukuphepha kwesomiso sefilimu esincanyana kanye nezinye izinto zokusebenza nezinsimbi zokubona.
Imodeli yomzimba yokomisa ifilimu encanyana, isisindo somshini owodwa singama-33 000 kg, usayizi wenetha wezinto zokusebenza ngu-Φ1 800×15 180, ukwakheka okuvundlile nokufakwa, udaka olungena emshinini owomisa ifilimu omncane lusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo endaweni eshisayo. udonga lwesomiso nge-rotor ngesikhathi senqubo yokujikeleza, kuyilapho i-paddle ku-rotor iphinda ixuba udaka endaweni eshisayo yodonga, Futhi phambili ekuphumeni kwe-sludge, amanzi ku-sludge ayahwamuka kule nqubo. . Izinhlayiya ze-semi-dry sludge ngemva kokoma zisuka oqweqweni oluncane zithuthwa ziyiswe esomisini esiwumugqa ngomgudu wodaka (okwenziwa kusebenze ngokuya ngesidingo sokuqukethwe komswakamo womkhiqizo wodaka), bese kungena endaweni epholile ye-sludge. Umkhiqizo we-sludge upholiswa umoya ogeleza endaweni epholile kanye namanzi okupholisa ageleza kugobolondo kanye ne-shaft ejikelezayo. Umswakamo uncishiswa usuka ku-80% uye ku-35% (umswakama wodaka ongama-35% uwumkhawulo ongaphezulu wokulawula wento eyodwa yokomisa ifilimu).
Igesi elithwalayo elikhishwa esomisweni sefilimu elincanyana liqukethe umhwamuko omningi wamanzi, uthuli nenani elithile legesi eguquguqukayo (ikakhulukazi i-H2S ne-NH3). Uma ikhishwa ngokuqondile, izodala izinga elithile lokungcoliswa kwemvelo. Ngakho-ke, le phrojekthi icubungula uhlelo lokuqoqa igesi yenethiwekhi kanye ne-condenser nenkungu ukususa uthuli kanye nomhwamuko wamanzi kugesi wokuphuma, okuphambene nokuqondisa kokunyakaza kodaka kusilinda esijikelezayo. I-exhaust gas pipe outlet ngaphezu kwe-sludge ingena ku-condenser, futhi amanzi apholiswa phansi kusukela ku-evaporation gas exhaust. Ngokushintshana kokushisa okungaqondile, amanzi okufuthwa asuswa isishintshi sokushisa sepuleti nombhoshongo wokupholisa, ukuze kongiwe amanzi futhi kuncishiswe ukuchithwa kwendle. Igesi engaconsi (inani elincane lesitimu, i-N2, umoya nodaka) idlula ku-demister. Okokugcina, ifeni esalungiswa ebangelwa kuphelelwa amandla iyakhishwa ohlelweni lokumisa ukuya kudivayisi yokuqeda iphunga.
Isidingo somthombo wokushisa sinqunywa njengesitimu, esithathwa kunethiwekhi yepayipi elimboza ukushisa elakhiwe eduze nendawo yokuqaliswa kwephrojekthi. Izimo zokunikezwa kwesitimu ukucindezela kwesitimu esingu-1.0MPa, izinga lokushisa lesitimu elingu-180 ℃ kanye nokunikezwa kwesitimu okungu-2.5t/h.
2. Imingcele yezobuchwepheshe yemishini eyinhloko yenqubo yokumisa ifilimu emincane
Ngokwesidingo sale phrojekthi, umthamo wokwelapha udaka lwesethi eyodwa yesistimu yokomisa udaka kunqunywa ukuthi ube ngu-2.5t/h(ngokokuqukethwe komswakama okungama-80%), kanti umswakama wodaka ungama-35%. Umthamo wansuku zonke wokwelapha udaka esomiso sefilimu esincanyana esisodwa singama-60 t/d(ngokokuqukethwe komswakama okungama-80%), umthamo wokuhwamuka olinganiselwe wesomisi sefilimu esincanyana esisodwa ngu-1.731 t/h, indawo yokushintshanisa ukushisa kwento eyodwa. isomisi sefilimu esincanyana singama-50 m2, kanti umswakama wokungena kodaka ungama-80%, kanti umswakama wokukhipha udaka ungama-35%. Umthombo wokushisa womshini wokomisa ifilimu omncane ugcwele isitimu, kanti izinga lokunikezwa kwesitimu lifakwa emazweni angaphandle: izinga lokushisa lesitimu lingu-180 ℃, umfutho we-steam ngu-1.0 MPa, ukusetshenziswa kwesitimu kwesomiso sefilimu esincanyana esisodwa kungu-2.33t/h, kanti inombolo yokomisa ifilimu emincane ngu-2, eyodwa yokusetshenziswa okukodwa.
Isitimu esigcwele esingu-180 ℃ sithuthelwa ukomisa ulayini ngepayipi lokucindezela, futhi sisetshenziswa njengomthombo wokushisa ukushisisa ngokungaqondile udaka olomile. Amanzi odaka olomile aphinde ahwamuke esomisweni esiwumugqa. Ngokwesidingo sangempela somkhiqizo we-sludge (qala futhi ume), i-sludge yokugcina ingafinyelela umswakama ongu-10% futhi iye endaweni epholile yomkhiqizo.
Umthamo wokucubungula we-linear dryer ngu-0.769t / h(umswakama 35%), ukuhwamuka okulinganiselwe ngu-0.214t / h, indawo yokushintshanisa ukushisa ingu-50 m2, okuqukethwe komswakama kwe-sludge inlet ye-linear dryer kungu-35%, umswakama. Okuqukethwe kokukhipha udaka ngu-10%, izinga le-steam lokungena endaweni yokomisa engulayini: Izinga lokushisa lesitimu lingu-180 ℃, umfutho we-steam ngu-1.0 MPa, ukusetshenziswa kwesitimu kwesomiso esiwumugqa owodwa ngu-0.253 t/h, futhi inani lihlonyelwe ngesethi engu-1.
Uhlobo lwensiza ye-condenser yegesi ethwala igesi i-direct injection hybrid condenser, edonsa umoya ongu-3 500 Nm3/h, izinga lokushisa legesi elingenayo elingu-95~110 ℃, izinga lokushisa legesi eliphuma ngaphandle elingu-90~180 Nm3/h, kanye negesi yokuphuma. izinga lokushisa ngu-55 ℃.
Uhlobo lwemishini yesiphathimandla segesi yokusalungiswa eyenzelwe i-fan yokucindezela okuphezulu yi-fan ye-centrifugal ephezulu, ivolumu ephezulu yokumunca umoya ngu-400 Nm3/h, ingcindezi yomoya ingu-4.8 kPa, imingcele ebonakalayo yesiphathimandla segesi: izinga lokushisa ngu-45 ℃, umswakama. ingu-80% ~ 100% ingxube yegesi yephunga lomoya omanzi, isethi eyodwa yesistimu yokomisa ifakwe isethi engu-1.
Umthamo wokucubungula we-cooler yomkhiqizo ngu-1.8t / h, izinga lokushisa le-sludge inlet liyi-110 ° C, izinga lokushisa le-sludge liyi-≤45 ° C, indawo yokushintshanisa ukushisa yi-20 m2, kanti ubuningi buyiyunithi engu-1.
3. Ukuhlaziywa kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwezomnotho ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwesomisi sefilimu esincanyana
Ngemva cishe kwesigamu senyanga sokugunyazwa okukodwa kanye nokufakwa kodaka ohlelweni lwenqubo yokomisa ifilimu emincane, imiphumela imi kanje.
Umthamo wokucubungula ukumisa umklamo wesomiso sefilimu esincanyana esisodwa kule phrojekthi ungu-60 t/d. Njengamanje, isilinganiso sokwelashwa kodaka olumanzi ngesikhathi sokugunyazwa singama-50 t/d(umswakama ongama-79%), osefinyelele ku-83% esikalini esiklanyelwe sokwelashwa kwesisekelo esimanzi kanye nama-87.5% esikalini esiklanyelwe sokwelapha isisekelo sodaka.
Isilinganiso somswakama wodaka oluyi-semi-dry sludge olukhiqizwe isomisi sefilimu esincanyana singama-36%, kanti umswakama wodaka olomile oluthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe yisomiso esiwumugqa singama-36%, ngokuyisisekelo uhambisana nenani elihlosiwe le-semi-dry sludge. umkhiqizo wokuklama (35%).
Kukalwa imitha yesitimu egcwele yangaphandle endaweni yokusebenzela yokomisa udaka, ukusetshenziswa kwesitimu esigcwele kungu-25 t/d, futhi ingqikithi yokushisa esetshenziswa nsuku zonke yokushisa okucashile kokuhwamuka kwesitimu kungu-25 t×1 000×2 014.8 kJ/kg÷4.184 kJ =1.203 871 9×107 kcal/d. Isilinganiso sansuku zonke samanzi ahwamukayo sansuku zonke wesistimu yokomisa si (50 t × 0.79)-[50 t ×(1-0.79)]÷(1-0.36)×1 000=23 875 kg/d, Bese ukusetshenziswa kokushisa kweyunithi uhlelo lokumisa udaka luyi-1.203 871 9×107÷23 875=504 kcal/kg amanzi ahwamukile; Ngenxa yokuthi uhlelo lokumisa udaka lungaphansi kokushintshwa komswakama wodaka olumanzi, ikhwalithi yesitimu sangaphandle, kanye nezici zemishini yokuthutha umkhiqizo we-semi-dry sludge ngezidingo ze-granularity nezinye izici, kuyadingeka ukwandisa inani lokuhlukahluka okuhlukahlukene. ekusebenzeni kwesilingo sesikhathi eside esizayo, ukuze kufinyezwe izimo zokusebenza ezingcono kakhulu kanye nenkomba yokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwezomnotho yesistimu.
Isakhiwo semishini yesistimu yokomisa ifilimu emincane
1.Thin ifilimu dryer umshini
Isakhiwo semishini yesomisi sefilimu esincanyana siqukethe igobolondo le-cylindrical elinesendlalelo sokushisa, i-rotor ejikelezayo kugobolondo, kanye nedivayisi yokushayela ye-rotor: i-motor + reducer.
Igobolondo le-dryer dryer liyisitsha esicutshungulwa futhi sakhiwe ngensimbi ye-boiler. Indawo yokushisa ishisa uhlaka lwe-sludge ngokungaqondile ngegobolondo. Ngokwemvelo nokuqukethwe kwesihlabathi sodaka, igobolondo langaphakathi lokomisa lamukela insimbi yesakhiwo eqinile engagqoki igobolondo langaphakathi (Naxtra -- 700) P265GH P265GH ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwe-boiler yensimbi yesakhiwo noma ukwelashwa okukhethekile kokushisa okuphezulu kokuguga- enamathela ukumelana. Ezinye izingxenye ezixhumene ne-sludge, njenge-rotor ne-blade, zenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali engu-316 L, futhi igobolondo yi-P265GH high-temperature boiler structural steel.
I-rotor ifakwe izindwani zokumboza, ukuxuba nokuqhubeza. Ibanga phakathi kwama-blades kanye negobolondo elingaphakathi liyi-5 kuya ku-10 mm. Indawo yokushisa ingazihlanza, futhi ama-blades angalungiswa futhi asuswe ngawodwa.
Idivayisi yokushayela: (i-motor + reducer) ukuguqulwa kwemvamisa noma injini yejubane engaguquki ingakhethwa, isinciphisi sebhande noma i-gearbox ingakhethwa, ukuxhumana okuqondile noma ukuxhumana okuhlangene kungasetshenziswa, isivinini se-rotor singalawulwa ku-100 r/min, i-rotor yangaphandle edge linear isivinini singalawulwa ku-10 m/S, isikhathi sokuhlala se-sludge yi-10 ~ 15 min.
2. Umzimba wokomisa ngomugqa
Umshini wokomisa umugqa wamukela uhlobo lwe-screw conveyor olumise u-U, futhi i-blade yokudlulisela iklanywe ngokukhethekile futhi icutshungulwe ukugwema ukukhishwa nokusikwa kwezinhlayiya ze-sludge. Igobolondo kanye ne-shaft ejikelezayo yokomisa okulayini kuyizingxenye zokufudumeza, futhi igobolondo legobolondo lingahlakazwa. Ngaphandle kwezingxenye zokushisa, ingxenye ethintana ne-sludge yenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali 316 L noma impahla efanayo, kanti ezinye izingxenye zenziwe nge-carbon steel, okungukuthi, imishini yokomisa eqondile yenziwe nge-SS304 + CS.
3. I-Condenser
Umsebenzi we-condenser yegesi yenkampani ukugeza igesi ephumayo emshinini wokomisa udaka ukuze igesi ejiyayo kugesi ijiye. Uhlobo lwesakhiwo semishini yi-condenser eqondile ye-spray, futhi impahla yokucubungula yi-SS304.
4.Izipholile zomkhiqizo
Umsebenzi we-cooler yomkhiqizo ukunciphisa udaka olomile oluwu-110 ° C luye cishe ku-45 ° C, nendawo yokudlulisa ukushisa engu-21 m2 namandla angu-4 kW. Ukucubungula nokukhiqiza kwayo okuyinhloko kwe-SS304+CS.
Izici zobuchwepheshe zenqubo yokumisa udaka lwefilimu elincanyana
Inqubo yokomisa i-sludge yefilimu encane iye yaduma eminyakeni yamuva ngenxa yezici zayo zobuchwepheshe, okwenza kube indlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo nephumelelayo yokwelapha udaka. Inqubo ihilela ukusebenzisa isomisi sefilimu encane, ukususa ngokushesha umswakama odongeni, ushiye umkhiqizo owomile we-granular okulula ukuwuphatha nokuthutha. Kuhlanganiswe nesipiliyoni sokusebenza semishini yenqubo yenqubo yobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene emkhakheni wokomisa udaka nokushiswa, izici zobuchwepheshe zenqubo yokomisa ifilimu encane ye-sludge zimi kanje.
1. Izici eziyinhloko zobuchwepheshe zomshini omncane wefilimu wokomisa udaka ukuhlanganiswa kwawo okulula. Le ndlela idinga umsizi omncane futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa nokulawula. Inqubo yokomisa ayidingi ukuxubana emuva, futhi i-sludge yeqa ngokuqondile "isiteji seplastiki" (i-sludge viscosity zone), okwenza inqubo isebenze kahle futhi iqondiswe. Ukwengeza, inani legesi yomsila elikhiqizwa lincane futhi inqubo yokwelapha igesi yomsila ilula, okwenza kube inketho yokonga, ephumelelayo futhi enobungani bemvelo yokomisa udaka.
2.Umnotho osebenzayo ungenye into ebalulekile yomshini wokomisa udaka lwefilimu elincanyana. Kwaziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwayo okuphansi kwamandla kanye nokusebenza kahle kokuhwamuka okuphezulu okungaguquki. Ukubuyiswa kanye nokugaywa kabusha kwendawo yokushisisa nakho kungenzeka, kuqhubeke kwehlisa izindleko zamandla. Ukwengeza, imishini iqinile, inezindleko eziphansi zokunakekela futhi idinga ukuqapha okuncane, okuyenza ibe yisixazululo esingabizi kakhulu sokumisa udaka.
3.Ukuguquguquka kokusebenza nakho kuyisici esiphawulekayo somshini wokomisa udaka lwefilimu elincanyana. Ifanele ukomisa izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-pasty sludge futhi ingakhiqiza izinhlayiya ze-sludge zomkhiqizo ofanayo nanoma yikuphi okuqukethwe komswakama. Le nqubo inomthwalo ophansi wezinto eziqinile, isiqalo esilula nokuma, kanye nesikhathi esifushane sokuchitha, okuthuthukisa ngokwengeziwe ukuguquguquka kwayo kokusebenza.
4. Inqubo yokumisa udaka lwefilimu elincanyana iyaziwa ngokuphepha kwayo nokuvikelwa kwemvelo. Yamukela idizayini ye-inert enezici eziningi efana ne-N2, isitimu, nokutholwa kokuzicisha ngokwakho. Le nqubo isebenza ohlelweni olubi oluvaliwe lwengcindezi ene-oksijeni ephansi, akukho phunga futhi akukho ukuvuza kothuli, ukunciphisa amathuba okuqhuma uthuli nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kwenqubo yokomisa udaka.
Kafushane, izici zobuchwepheshe zenqubo yokumisa udaka lwefilimu elincanyana zenza kube inketho yokwelapha udaka ephumelelayo, eyongayo futhi enobungani bemvelo. Le nqubo inezici zokulula okuphelele, umnotho wokusebenza, ukuguquguquka kokusebenza, ukuphepha nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, njll., futhi iyisixazululo esibalulekile semishini yokomisa udaka.
Ukukhuthazwa kanye nethemba lobuchwepheshe bokomisa udaka lwefilimu elincanyana
Njengesixhumanisi esimaphakathi sokushiswa kodaka lokulahlwa, inqubo yokomisa udaka ibaluleke kakhulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kokulahlwa kokushiswa kanye nokulawula ngempumelelo ukutshalwa kwezimali ekwakhiweni kwezindawo zokulahla udaka.
Kuhlanganiswe namaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene wokulahla udaka asetshenziswe ngempumelelo, ukuhlaziywa kwemiphumela yocwaningo lwecala lomsebenzi wephrojekthi yobuchwepheshe bokomisa ifilimu elincane le-sludge kubonisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa isitimu esigcwele njengendlela yokushisa kanye ne-inert saturated steam, akukho ukushisa, okufushane futhi. igesi ephumayo esheshayo, encane kanye nokukhishwa kwesekethe evulekile, kanye nokunothiswa kwezinto ze-hydrocarbon ohlelweni lokumisa igesi kugwenywa ngokuphelele. Inezici zokusebenza okuzinzile nokuthembekile, ukuphepha nokuvikelwa kwemvelo; Ayilungele kuphela ukuhlanzwa nokulahlwa kwemfucuza eyingozi emkhakheni wezimboni ze-petroleum namakhemikhali, kodwa futhi inereferensi enhle kanye nokubaluleka kokukhuthaza ekuphathweni nasekulahlweni kodaka lukamasipala. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokulahlwa kwe-sludge ukuze kuxazululwe ngempumelelo inkinga, ukufeza ukuncishiswa okuphezulu, ukunciphisa izindleko zokulahlwa kwe-sludge kanye nokunye umkhuba ozuzisayo wobunjiniyela, kanye nokugcwaliseka kwetimu yodaka kanye ne-co-treatment, nakho kunokubaluleka okuphezulu kwereferensi.
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