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Isahani Ikadiri Membrane Akayunguruzo Kanda Inganda Zitunganya Amazi Ibikoresho
Intangiriro Umushinga
Inganda zikoreshwa muyungurura imashini:
Imashini zungurura imashini zahindutse ibikoresho byingenzi mubikorwa bitandukanye bitewe nubuhanga bwabo nubuhanga. Imashini ziyungurura zifite imirima itandukanye ikoreshwa kandi igira uruhare runini mubimashini, ubucukuzi bwamabuye y'agaciro, ibiryo n'ibinyobwa, imiti, kurengera ibidukikije nizindi nganda.
Mu nganda zikora imiti, imashini zungurura zikoreshwa mugutunganya imyanda myinshi yimiti no gukuramo neza umutungo ukoreshwa. Ubushobozi-butandukanye bwo gutandukanya ubushobozi bwo kuyungurura bituma biba byiza gutunganya imyanda.
Mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro na metallurgji, imashini zungurura zikoreshwa mu gutandukanya neza ibinini n'inzoga z’amabuye mu gihe cyo gucukura no gutunganya amabuye. Ibi bifasha kugabanya ingaruka zidukikije kubikorwa byubucukuzi bwamabuye y'agaciro kandi bituma umutungo wingenzi ugarurwa.
Inganda zibiribwa n’ibinyobwa nazo zishingiye cyane kumashini zungurura kugirango zitandukane ibicuruzwa byamazi meza nibikoresho fatizo mugihe cyo gukora. Ibi bituma umusaruro wibiribwa n'ibinyobwa byujuje ubuziranenge.
Mu nganda zimiti, gukoresha imashini zungurura ningirakamaro mugusukura no gusobanura ibisubizo bya farumasi kugirango ibicuruzwa byanyuma byujuje ubuziranenge bukomeye.
Byongeye kandi, mu rwego rwo kurengera ibidukikije, imashini zungurura zigira uruhare runini mu gutunganya amazi mabi y’inganda n’imyanda yo mu ngo. Mugabanye neza urwego rwanduye rwamazi, imashini zungurura zifasha kuzamura ibidukikije.
Ihame ryakazi ryo kuyungurura imashini hamwe nibice byayo bikoreshwa bituma iba igikoresho gikomeye mubikorwa byinganda. Ubushobozi bwayo bwo kongera imikorere yakazi, kuzamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa no gukoresha neza umutungo bituma iba ibikoresho byingirakamaro mu nganda nyinshi.
Muri make, gukoresha cyane imashini zungurura mu nganda zitandukanye byerekana akamaro kabo muburyo bwo gutandukanya ibintu bikomeye. Mugusobanukirwa byimbitse uburyo imashini zungurura zikora nuburyo zikoreshwa, inganda zirashobora gukoresha neza ibyo bikoresho kugirango zihuze ibyifuzo byihariye byo gutandukanya ibintu. Ubwinshi bwimashini zungurura zituma ziba umutungo wingenzi mubikorwa byinganda bigezweho, cyane cyane mubijyanye no gutunganya imyanda no kuvomera amazi.
Imiterere y'ibikoresho byo kuyungurura ：
Imashini itanga imashini ni ubwoko bwibikoresho bikoreshwa mu kuyungurura, bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zitandukanye, nko gutunganya imyanda, imiti, imiti, ibiryo n’inganda. Igikorwa cyacyo nyamukuru ni ugushungura ibikoresho no gutandukanya neza amazi kandi akomeye, kugirango ugere ku ntego yo kwezwa, gutandukana no kwibanda. Imiterere yibikoresho byo kuyungurura bigizwe ahanini nibice bikurikira:
1. Akayunguruzo. Akayunguruzo k'ibitangazamakuru nk'iyungurura imyenda cyangwa mesh bigira uruhare runini mu kuyungurura no gutandukana. Yemerera amazi kunyuramo mugihe agumana ibice bikomeye, bityo bikorohereza inzira yo gutandukana. Guhitamo ibiyungurura itangazamakuru biterwa na porogaramu isabwa hamwe nibisabwa byo kuyungurura.
2. Isahani. Akayunguruzo nisahani yibikoresho byingenzi kandi bigizwe nibyapa byinshi. Ukoresheje hydraulic sisitemu, amasahani arahatirwa kugirango akore umwanya wo kuyungurura. Ibi bituma ibikoresho byinjira mubiyungurura itangazamakuru munsi yigitutu, bikemerera gushungura neza.
3. Sisitemu ya hydraulic ikora nkisoko yimbaraga zo kuyungurura. Igizwe na pompe hydraulic, silinderi yamavuta, hydraulic valve, nibindi. Pompe hydraulic ivoma amavuta muri silinderi yamavuta, naho inkoni ya piston iri muri silindiri yamavuta isunika icyapa cyo kuyungurura kugirango ihatire ibikoresho kugirango uyungurure kandi itandukanye ibikoresho.
4. Sisitemu yo kugenzura nuburyo bukuru bwo kugenzura no kugenzura imashini. Igizwe nibice bitandukanye byo kugenzura hamwe na sensor, harimo akanama gashinzwe kugenzura amashanyarazi, akanama gashinzwe gukora, sensor sensor, nibindi. Sisitemu yo kugenzura igira uruhare runini mugukurikirana no gucunga sisitemu ya hydraulic kugirango imikorere yimashini ikayungurura.
5. Ikadiri ya filteri ikora nkuburyo bwo gushyigikira ibikoresho byose. Ubusanzwe yubatswe hifashishijwe imyirondoro itandukanye hamwe namasahani kugirango itange ituze kandi ikomere kumashanyarazi. Kuramba no gukomera kwa rack bigira ingaruka kumikorere nubuzima bwa serivisi bwibikoresho.
6. Igikoresho cyo gukora isuku nigice cyingenzi cyayunguruzo kandi gikoreshwa cyane mugusukura ibikoresho byayunguruzo. Igikoresho cyo gukora isuku gikubiyemo gusukura nozzles, gusukura pompe hamwe n’ibigega bisukura kugirango harebwe neza ubuzima bwa serivisi nubushakashatsi bwa kayunguruzo.
7. Igikoresho kigendanwa: igikoresho kigendanwa ni kimwe mu bikoresho bifasha imashini zungurura, zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kwimura isahani no kuyungurura. Ibikoresho bigendanwa mubisanzwe bigizwe na porogaramu zigendanwa, amakadiri agendanwa, nibindi, bishobora gutoranywa ukurikije imirima itandukanye hamwe nibisabwa byo kuyungurura.
Ibyavuzwe haruguru ni intangiriro ngufi kumiterere yibikoresho byo kuyungurura. Hashobora kubaho itandukaniro muburyo bwubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho byo kuyungurura, ariko muri rusange bigizwe nibice byavuzwe haruguru. Imiterere yimiterere yibikoresho byo kuyungurura bifasha gukoresha neza no gufata neza ibikoresho byo kuyungurura, kunoza imikorere yibikoresho no kongera igihe cyibikorwa bya bikoresho.
Muri rusange, igishushanyo mbonera cyibikoresho byo kuyungurura ni uguhindura uburyo bwo kuyungurura no gutandukana. Buri kintu kigira uruhare runini mugukora neza no gukora neza ibikoresho byawe. Yaba isahani yo kuyungurura, gukanda isahani cyangwa gukanda ya membrane, gukora neza ibice byose ningirakamaro mugutunganya neza imyanda no kuvomera amazi.
Ihame ryakazi rya plaque na kadamu ya filteri imashini:
Igikorwa cyo gukora isahani hamwe na kayunguruzo ya filteri ikubiyemo cyane cyane gufunga isahani yo gufunga, kugaburira akayunguruzo, gukuramo diaphragm, gukubita inyuma, gukurura isahani.
Iterambere rya vuba mu gutunganya imyanda ryerekana intambwe igaragara mu gukemura ibibazo by’ibidukikije ndetse binatanga amahirwe ku bucuruzi bwo gutera imbere mu buryo burambye kandi bwangiza ibidukikije. Iki gisubizo gishya kigomba kugira ingaruka nziza mubijyanye no gutunganya imyanda no kurengera ibidukikije hamwe n’amasezerano yayo yo gukora neza, amafaranga make yo gukora ndetse n’umwanda wa kabiri wa zeru.
1) Funga akayunguruzo kanda hanyuma ukande icyapa. Umuvuduko ukabije wamavuta ya pompe atangira kwikorera, hanyuma akayunguruzo gatangira gufunga. Iyo umuvuduko urenze MPa 5, pompe yamavuta yumuvuduko uhagarara, pompe yamavuta yumuvuduko mwinshi iratangira. Iyo igitutu kigeze ku gaciro kashyizweho (agaciro kashyizweho ni 30 ~ 34 MPa), pompe yamavuta yumuvuduko mwinshi ihagarika gukora, no gufunga imashini iyungurura irarangiye.
2) Nyuma yo gusoza intambwe yo kugaburira akayunguruzo karangiye, pompe yo kugaburira igomba gutangira kugaburira ukurikije uburyo bwashyizweho. Ibikoresho byinjira mu isahani hamwe n'ikaramu yo kuyungurura, kandi igitutu cyo kugaburira gituma akayunguruzo kanyura mu mwenda wo kuyungurura, kandi igikomeye gifatwa nigitambaro cyo kuyungurura kugirango kibe akayunguruzo. Hamwe niterambere ryiyungurura, umuvuduko wo kuyungurura ukomeje kwiyongera, icyumba cyo kuyungurura cyuzura buhoro buhoro agatsima kayunguruzo, kandi igitutu cyibiryo gikomeza kwiyongera, kandi ntigihinduka mugihe kirekire. Hamwe no kwiyongera kwigihe cyo kugaburira, umuvuduko wo kugaburira wagabanutse kugera kuri 8 m3 / min, naho igitutu cyo kugaburira kigera kuri 0. Iyo nka 7MPa, pompe yo kugaburira ihagarika akazi. Mugihe cyo kugaburira, umuvuduko wa silindiri nyamukuru urahinduka, hamwe na pompe yamavuta yumuvuduko mwinshi bizakora mugihe gito kugirango byuzuze agaciro kashyizweho.
3) Agaciro kagenwe ko kugaburira imbaraga nimbaraga zo kwaguka no gusohora plaque ya diaphragm ni 0.7MPa na 1.3MPa. Pompe yo gukuramo itangira gukora, kandi ibikoresho biranyeganyezwa kandi bigahinduka umwuma hamwe na diaphragm. Igikorwa cyo gukuramo kirangiye iyo igitutu cyashyizweho kigeze. Amazi yakuweho asubizwa mu ndobo yakuwe. Amazi ya filtrate asohoka binyuze mu mwenda wo kuyungurura, ibintu bikomeye byahagaritswe nigitambaro cyo kuyungurura, kandi ibintu bikomeye byumwanda biratera imbere.
4) Nyuma yuko hagati yinyuma ihuhuta igitutu kigera ku giciro cyagenwe, tangira hagati inyuma uhuha ukurikije gahunda yashyizweho. Mubisanzwe, igiciro cyagenwe cyumuvuduko winyuma ni 0.5MPa, gishobora kunonosora akayunguruzo gakomeye kayunguruzo, gukuramo neza ibisigisigi byumuyoboro ugaburira, kwirinda guhagarika umuyoboro ugaburira, no kuzamura ubuzima bwa serivisi ya Akayunguruzo.
5) Fungura umuvuduko mwinshi wamavuta ya pompe ya filteri kugirango utangire, valve ihindura ikora, amavuta muri silinderi nkuru atangira gusubira mumavuta, hanyuma igitutu gitangira koroherwa. Iyo umuvuduko ugabanutse kugera kuri MPa 18, pompe yamavuta yumuvuduko mwinshi irahagarara, pompe yamavuta yumuvuduko muke itangira gukora, umuvuduko uhita ugabanuka kugera kuri MPa 0.4, imashini yungurura irakingurwa, hanyuma isubira aho itangirira.
Ibintu bigira ingaruka kumashanyarazi:
1. Impamvu
Ikintu nyamukuru kigira ingaruka kuyungurura ingaruka zo kuyungurura ni kugenzura igitutu. Nkuko twese tubizi, ihame ryibanze ryakazi rya filteri ni ukumenya imikorere yo kuyungurura binyuze mukugenzura no guhindura igitutu, bityo ubwiza bwa sisitemu yumuvuduko bufitanye isano itaziguye nubwiza bwingaruka zo kuyungurura.
2. Impamvu yihuta
Ikindi kintu kigira ingaruka kumikorere ya filteri kanda ni umuvuduko wo kuyungurura. Noneho abayikora benshi barimo gukurikirana buhumyi umuvuduko wo kuyungurura ibicuruzwa no kwirengagiza ishingiro ryo kuyungurura. Mubyukuri, ukurikije kwibumbira hamwe kwamazi no kurwanya hamwe nibindi bintu bitandukanye byo gusuzuma no gukwirakwiza bikwiye ikoreshwa ryumuvuduko wimashini, ni mbere yo kugura abashushanya bakeneye gushushanya ibyabo.
3. Ikintu cyo gushungura
Ibintu bigira ingaruka zo kuyungurura ingaruka zo kuyungurura ni akayunguruzo. Nkuko twese tubizi, uko ubuso bunini bwa filteri, niko umuvuduko wihuta wikintu unyuze muyungurura, niko ibisigara bizakurwa kure yacyo, kandi ingaruka mbi zo kuyungurura zizaba mbi. Birumvikana, ubucucike bumwe ntabwo ari bunini nkagace gato ka filteri. Nyamara, ubu buryo bwo kugereranya ntabwo bukoreshwa kubicuruzwa bifite ahantu hatandukanye.
Kuvura Amazi: Ibyiza bya Filime Imashini:
Akayunguruzo kayunguruzo nigice cyingenzi cyibikoresho mu nganda zivura imyanda. Zikoreshwa mugutandukanya ibintu bikomeye hamwe namazi nibisumizi kandi biza muburyo bwinshi, harimo imashini zungurura amasahani, isahani hamwe namakadiri yo kuyungurura, hamwe na progaramu ya filteri. Izi mashini ningirakamaro mu kuvoma amazi kandi zifite ibikoresho bigezweho kugirango tunonosore inzira yo kuyungurura. Hano hari bimwe mubyiza byo gushungura:
1. Ongera umuvuduko wo kuyungurura:
Akayunguruzo kayungurura ifata convex inkingi ya point ya filteri kugirango yongere ahantu heza ho gutwara amazi kandi igere kumuvuduko wihuse. Igishushanyo nacyo cyemerera gushungura gutembera mubyerekezo ibyo aribyo byose, bigabanya inzira yo kuyungurura.
2. Igishushanyo mbonera kandi cyoroshye:
Icyambu cyo kugaburira giherereye hagati yisahani. Ifite ubunini bunini, kwihanganira bito ndetse no gukwirakwiza imbaraga, bigatuma ibera ibikoresho bitandukanye bigoye. Mubyongeyeho, igishushanyo mbonera cyabakoresha cyemerera kwishyiriraho byoroshye no gusimbuza umwenda wo kuyungurura, kunoza ibyoroshye no kuramba.
3. Ibikoresho biramba kandi birwanya imiti:
Imashini zungurura zubatswe mubikoresho bya polypropilene bishimangiwe, bizwiho guhagarara neza, kurwanya ruswa no kutagira imiti. Ibi byemeza ko ibikoresho bishobora kwihanganira uburyo bukomeye bwo kuvura no kugabanya ubukana bwumurimo mugihe gikora.
4. Igikorwa cyiza kandi cyizewe:
Igishushanyo mbonera gikwiye hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa bwibikorwa, bihujwe nigitutu cya hydraulic nibikoresho byamashanyarazi, bigabanya imbaraga zumurimo mugihe cyo gukora imashini. Umuvuduko wikora ukomeza hamwe numuvuduko wumuriro wumuriro, imikorere ihamye kandi yizewe.
5. Kongera ubushobozi bwo kubura umwuma:
Gukoresha membrane iyungurura isahani mumashanyarazi yungurura ituma akayunguruzo gashiramo amazi. Iyi mikorere ni ingirakamaro cyane kubikoresho bifite ubuhehere bwinshi kandi bitezimbere umusaruro.
6. Gutwara igihe no guhitamo byikora:
Akayunguruzo kamwe karashobora kwikora, bikuraho ibikenerwa gukurura isahani yintoki no gupakurura, bityo bigatwara igihe nakazi.
Muncamake, ibyiza byo kuyungurura imashini, harimo kongera umuvuduko wo kuyungurura, gushushanya ibintu byinshi, kuramba, gukora neza, kunoza ubushobozi bwo kuvomerera amazi no guhitamo ibyikora, bituma uba igice cyibikorwa byo gutunganya imyanda no kuvomera amazi. Ibi bintu byateye imbere byemeza imikorere myiza numusaruro muruganda.
Nigute ushobora guhangana nimpamvu zitera guswera mumashanyarazi:
Hashobora kubaho impamvu nyinshi zituma akayunguruzo gashobora gutontoma. Gusobanukirwa n'impamvu zishobora gukemurwa nuburyo bukenewe kugirango ibikoresho byawe bikore neza kandi neza.
Imbaraga zidahwitse za silinderi yamavuta zizatera gutontoma mumashanyarazi. Iki kibazo kirashobora gukemurwa muguhindura igitutu cyangwa gukoresha imbaraga zo kugenzura kugirango wizere igitutu gihagije.
Indi mpamvu ishobora gutera guswera ni igitutu gikabije cya pompe. Muri iki gihe, umuvuduko ugabanya valve urashobora gukoreshwa kugirango uhindure umuvuduko kurwego rusanzwe.
Ni ngombwa kandi kugenzura niba umwenda wo kuyungurura washyizweho nabi cyangwa wangiritse. Umwenda wo kuyungurura ugomba gusukurwa no gusimburwa mugihe kugirango umenye neza kandi nta byangiritse.
Ubukonje bwinshi bwibikoresho byo kuyungurura birashobora kandi gutuma kugabanuka kwungurura cyangwa gutera. Ni ngombwa kumenya vuba icyabiteye no gufata ingamba zikwiye zo kunoza imikorere ya filteri.
Ibibazo hamwe nuburyo bwo guhonyora, nkimbaraga zidahagije cyangwa zidahwanye, birashobora no gutera urusaku mumashanyarazi. Iki kibazo gikeneye gukemurwa muguhindura uburyo bwo kwikuramo imbaraga nimbaraga.
Byongeye kandi, uruziga rutaringanijwe rushobora gutera uburibwe. Nibyingenzi guhindura imyanya yububiko bwa roller kugirango tumenye neza kandi tugumane ingaruka nziza zo kuyungurura.
Umwanda uri hejuru yikimenyetso cyo kuyungurura no kwangiza hejuru yikimenyetso ugomba gukemurwa bidatinze, ubuso bwa kashe bugomba gusukurwa neza, kandi umwenda wo kuyungurura ugomba gusimburwa nkuko bikenewe.
Ibibazo bya sisitemu ya hydraulic, nkurwego rwa peteroli nkeya cyangwa valve yubutabazi yangiritse, birashobora kandi gutera urusaku. Kubungabunga neza cyangwa gusana birasabwa gukemura ibyo bibazo.
Nibyingenzi kugenzura buri gihe imiterere yibigize byose bigize filteri yawe. Kubungabunga no guhindura ibikenewe bigomba gukorwa mugihe gikurikije uko ibintu bimeze kugirango harebwe imikorere isanzwe no gukoresha neza ibikoresho. Mugukoresha ubu buryo, ibitera gutontoma mumashanyarazi birashobora gukemurwa neza kandi imikorere myiza kandi yizewe yibikoresho irashobora gukemurwa.
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