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Membrane Bioreactor MBR Package Sisitemu Yimyanda Itunganya Amazi
Ihame ryakazi rya mbr membrane bioreactor
MBR membrane bioreactor (MBR) nuburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya amazi mabi ahuza tekinoroji yo gutandukanya membrane nubuhanga bwo gutunganya ibinyabuzima. Ihame ryakazi ryayo rishingiye ahanini ku ngingo zikurikira:
Tekinoroji yo gutandukanya Membrane: MBR membrane itandukanijwe na ultrafiltration cyangwa tekinoroji ya microfiltration membrane, isimbuza ikigega cya kabiri cyimyanda hamwe nigice gisanzwe cyo kuyungurura muburyo busanzwe bwo gutunganya imyanda. Iri koranabuhanga rirashobora gufata neza umutego wogukora hamwe na macromolecular organic organique, kugirango ugere kubutandukanya bukomeye-bwamazi.
Gutandukanya-gukomeye cyane-gutandukanya ibintu: Ubushobozi-bukomeye bwo gutandukanya-amazi yo gutandukanya MBR membrane bioreactor ituma ubwiza bwamazi meza buba bwiza, ibintu byahagaritswe hamwe n’umuvurungano bigera kuri zeru, kandi birashobora gutega umwanda umwanda w’ibinyabuzima nka E. coli. Ubwiza bwimyanda nyuma yo gutunganywa biragaragara ko buruta inzira gakondo yo gutunganya amazi mabi, kandi ni tekinoroji ikora neza kandi yubukungu.
Gukwirakwiza ingaruka zo kuvura: Gahunda ya MBR ishimangira cyane imikorere ya bioreactor ikoresheje tekinoroji yo gutandukanya membrane, kandi ni bumwe mu buhanga bushya bwo gutunganya amazi mabi ugereranije nuburyo gakondo bwo kuvura ibinyabuzima. Ifite ibyiza bigaragara nkigipimo kinini cyo kuvanaho umwanda, kurwanya cyane kubyimba imyanda, ihamye kandi yizewe.
Ibiranga ibikoresho: Ibiranga gahunda ya MBR itunganya ibikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda yo mu ngo harimo umuvuduko mwinshi wo kuvanaho umwanda, kurwanya cyane kubyimba imyanda, ubwiza bw’amazi meza kandi yizewe, gufunga imashini kugirango wirinde gutakaza mikorobe, hamwe n’ubushakashatsi bwinshi bw’amazi. kubungabungwa muri bioreactor.
MBR membrane bioreactor ikoresheje amahame yavuzwe haruguru, kugirango igere ku ngaruka nziza kandi ihamye yo gutunganya imyanda, ikoreshwa cyane mu gutunganya imyanda yo mu ngo, gutunganya amazi mabi y’inganda n’indi mirima.
Ibigize MBR membrane bioreactor
Sisitemu ya Membrane bioreactor (MBR) muri rusange igizwe nibice bikurikira:
1. Iriba ryinjira mumazi: iriba ryinjira mumazi rifite icyambu cyuzuye hamwe n irembo ryinjira mumazi. Mugihe ubwinshi bwamazi arenze umutwaro wa sisitemu cyangwa sisitemu yo gutunganya impanuka ikagira impanuka, irembo ryinjira mumazi rirafungwa, kandi imyanda isohoka mu ruzi cyangwa umuyoboro wa komini hafi yawo unyuze ku cyambu cyuzuye.
2. Urusobe: imyanda ikunze kuba irimo imyanda myinshi, kugirango harebwe imikorere isanzwe ya membrane bioreactor, birakenewe ko uhagarika ubwoko bwose bwa fibre, slag, impapuro zangiza nindi myanda hanze ya sisitemu, bityo rero birakenewe gushiraho urusaku mbere ya sisitemu, kandi buri gihe usukura gride slag.
3.Ikigega cyo kugenzura: Ubwinshi nubwiza bwimyanda yakusanyirijwe hamwe nigihe. Kugirango hamenyekane imikorere isanzwe ya sisitemu yo gutunganya hanyuma igabanye umutwaro wo gukora, ni ngombwa guhindura ubwinshi nubwiza bw’imyanda, bityo ikigega cyo kugenzura cyateguwe mbere yo kwinjira muri sisitemu yo kuvura ibinyabuzima. Ikigega gikonjesha kigomba guhanagurwa buri gihe. Igenzura rya pisine muri rusange ryashyizwe hejuru, rishobora kwemeza imikorere isanzwe ya sisitemu mugihe umutwaro ari munini cyane.
4. Gukusanya umusatsi: Muri sisitemu yo gutunganya amazi, kubera ko amazi yogejwe yegeranijwe arimo umusatsi muto na fibre hamwe nindi myanda myiza gride idashobora guhagarika burundu, bizatera guhagarika pompe na reaction ya MBR, bityo bigabanye uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura, bityo membrane bioreactor yakozwe nisosiyete yacu yashizwemo imisatsi.
5. Ikigega cya MBR: Gutesha agaciro imyanda ihumanya no gutandukanya ibyondo n’amazi bikorerwa mu kigega cya MBR. Nkigice cyibanze cya sisitemu yo kuvura, ikigega cya reaction kirimo mikorobe ya mikorobe, ibice bigize membrane, sisitemu yo gukusanya amazi, sisitemu yimyanda, hamwe na sisitemu ya aeration.
6. Igikoresho cyo kwanduza: Ukurikije ibisabwa byamazi, sisitemu ya MBR yakozwe nisosiyete yacu yateguwe nibikoresho byangiza, bishobora guhita bigenzura dosiye.
7. Igikoresho cyo gupima: Kugirango tumenye neza imikorere ya sisitemu, sisitemu ya MBR yakozwe nisosiyete yacu ikoresha ibikoresho bipima nka metero zitemba na metero zamazi kugirango igenzure ibipimo bya sisitemu.
8. Igikoresho cyo kugenzura ibikoresho bya elegitoronike: agasanduku gashinzwe amashanyarazi gashyizwe mucyumba cyibikoresho. Igenzura cyane cyane pompe yo gufata, umuyaga na pompe. Igenzura riraboneka muburyo bwintoki kandi bwikora. Mugenzuzi wa PLC, pompe yamazi yinjira ihita ikora ukurikije urwego rwamazi ya buri kidendezi. Imikorere ya pompe yamashanyarazi igenzurwa mugihe ukurikije igihe cyagenwe. Iyo urwego rwamazi ya pisine ya MBR ruri hasi, pompe yamashanyarazi ihita ihagarara kugirango irinde inteko ya firime.
9. Sukura pisine: ukurikije umubare w'amazi n'abakoresha bakeneye.
Ubwoko bwa MBR membrane
Membrane muri MBR (membrane bioreactor) igabanijwemo ubwoko bukurikira, buri kimwe gifite imiterere yihariye:
Hollow fibre membrane:
Imiterere yumubiri: Fibre fibre fibre ni bundle yubatswe, igizwe nibihumbi n'ibihumbi bito bito bito, imbere ya fibre ni umuyoboro wamazi, hanze ni amazi mabi agomba gutunganywa.
Ibiranga: Ubucucike bwahantu harehare: hari ubuso bunini bwa membrane hejuru yubunini bwa buri gice, bigatuma ibikoresho byegeranye kandi bito bito. Gukaraba gaze neza: Ubuso bwa firime burashobora gukaraba neza binyuze mumashanyarazi, bifasha kugabanya umwanda.
Byoroshye gushiraho no gusimbuza: Igishushanyo mbonera cyo kubungabunga byoroshye no kuzamura.
Ingano ya pore ikwirakwizwa ni imwe: ingaruka zo gutandukana ninziza, kandi igipimo cyo kugumana ibintu byahagaritswe na mikorobe ni byinshi.
Gutondekanya: harimo firime yimyenda na firime iringaniye, firime yimyenda ikoreshwa kenshi muri MBR yarengewe, firime iringaniye ikwiriye MBR yo hanze.
Flat firime:
Imiterere ifatika: Diaphragm yashyizwe ku nkunga, kandi impande zombi ni amazi y’amazi agomba gutunganywa hamwe n’amazi yinjira.
Ibiranga:
Imiterere ihamye: diafragma yoroshye, imbaraga za mashini nyinshi, ntabwo byoroshye guhindura, ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kwikuramo.
Ingaruka nziza yo gukora isuku: Ubuso bworoshye kubwoza, kandi umwanda urashobora gukurwaho neza mugusukura imiti no kwisiga kumubiri.
Kwambara birwanya: Mubikorwa byigihe kirekire, kwambara hejuru ya firime ni bito, kandi ubuzima bwa serivisi ni burebure.
Bikwiranye no gutandukana-gukomeye gutandukana: ingaruka zo guhagarika ibintu byahagaritswe hamwe nuduce twinshi ni byiza cyane.
Bikwiranye n'imishinga minini: Igishushanyo mbonera kiroroshye kwaguka kandi kibereye ibikoresho binini byo gutunganya imyanda.
Tubular film:
Imiterere yumubiri: Ibikoresho bya membrane bipfunyitse kumubiri ushyigikiwe nigituba, kandi amazi mabi atembera mumiyoboro kandi yinjira mumazi ava murukuta.
Ibiranga:
Ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kurwanya umwanda: Igishushanyo mbonera cyimbere cyorohereza imivurungano kandi kigabanya imyuka ihumanya hejuru ya membrane.
Ubushobozi bwiza bwo kwisukura: umuvuduko mwinshi wamazi muri tube ufasha gukaraba hejuru no kugabanya umwanda.
Kumenyera kumazi mabi yahagaritswe: kwibanda cyane kubintu byahagaritswe nibintu bya fibrous bifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo kuvura.
Kubungabunga byoroshye: Iyo igice kimwe cya membrane cyangiritse, gishobora gusimburwa ukundi, bitagize ingaruka kumikorere rusange.
Filime yubutaka:
Imiterere ifatika: firime isukuye ivuye mubikoresho bidasanzwe (nka alumina, zirconi, nibindi), hamwe nuburyo bukomeye.
Ibiranga:
Ubwiza buhebuje bwimiti: irwanya aside, alkali, ibishishwa kama nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, bikwiranye n’ibidukikije bikabije byo gutunganya amazi mabi.
Kwambara birwanya, kurwanya umwanda: hejuru ya membrane yoroshye, ntibyoroshye kwinjiza ibintu kama, umuvuduko mwinshi wo gukira nyuma yo gukora isuku, kuramba.
Aperture neza kandi ishobora kugenzurwa: gutandukana kwukuri, gukwiranye no gutandukana neza no kuvanaho umwanda.
Imbaraga zikoreshwa cyane: zidashobora kumeneka, zikwiranye nigikorwa cyumuvuduko mwinshi no gukaraba kenshi.
Gutondekanya ukurikije ubunini bwa aperture:
Ultrafiltration membrane: Aperture ni nto (mubisanzwe hagati ya 0.001 na 0.1 microne), cyane cyane kugirango ikureho bagiteri, virusi, colloide, ibinyabuzima bya macromolecular nibindi nibindi.
Microfiltration membrane: Aperture nini nini (hafi 0.1 kugeza kuri micron 1), cyane cyane ifata ibintu byahagaritswe, mikorobe, hamwe nibintu bimwe na bimwe bya macromolecular.
Gutondekanya ukurikije imyanya:
Kwibiza: Ibice bigize membrane byinjizwa mu buryo butaziguye mu mazi avanze muri bioreactor, kandi amazi yinjira akurwa mu guswera cyangwa gukuramo gaze.
Inyuma: Module module yashyizweho itandukanye na bioreactor. Amazi agomba kuvurwa ashyirwaho igitutu na pompe akanyura muri module ya membrane. Amazi yatandukanijwe yatandukanijwe hamwe namazi yibanze byegeranijwe bitandukanye.
Muri make, ubwoko bwa membrane muri MBR buratandukanye kandi bufite imiterere yabyo, kandi guhitamo membrane biterwa numutungo wamazi wanduye, ibisabwa byo gutunganya, ingengo yubukungu, imikorere nuburyo bwo kubungabunga nibindi bintu. Abashushanya n'abakoresha bakeneye guhitamo neza ukurikije uko ibintu bimeze kugirango barebe imikorere myiza kandi ihamye ya sisitemu ya MBR.
Uruhare rwa MBR membrane bioreactor mugutunganya amazi mabi
Uruhare rwa sisitemu ya MBR mu gutunganya imyanda rugaragarira cyane cyane mu bice bikurikira:
Gutandukanya neza-amazi meza. MBR ikoresha membrane kugirango igere ku gutandukana gukomeye-gutemba neza, kuzamura cyane ubwiza bw’amazi, hafi ya zeru zahagaritswe no guhungabana, no gukuraho cyane bagiteri na virusi.
Kwibanda cyane kuri mikorobe. MBR ishoboye kugumya kwibanda cyane kumashanyarazi ikora no kongera umutwaro kama wo kuvura ibinyabuzima, bityo bikagabanya ikirenge cyikigo gitunganya amazi mabi.
Mugabanye umwanda mwinshi. Bitewe n'ingaruka zo gufata MBR, umusaruro wibisigazwa bisigaye urashobora kugabanuka kandi ikiguzi cyo kuvura imyanda kirashobora kugabanuka. 34
Kurandura neza azote ya ammonia. Sisitemu ya MBR irashobora gutega mikorobe ikoresheje uruziga rurerure, nka bagiteri ya nitrifingi, kugirango yanduze neza azote ya amoniya mumazi.
Bika umwanya kandi ugabanye gukoresha ingufu. Sisitemu ya MBR ibinyujije mu gutandukanya neza-amazi no gutandukanya bioenrichment, igihe cyo gutura hydraulic yo murwego rwo kuvura kiragabanuka cyane, ikirenge cya bioreactor nacyo kigabanuka, kandi ingufu zikoreshwa murwego rwo kuvura nazo ziragabanuka bitewe nubushobozi buke bwa membrane.
Kuzamura ubwiza bw’amazi. Sisitemu ya MBR itanga amazi meza yujuje ubuziranenge bukomeye bwo gusohora cyangwa kongera gukoresha ibisabwa.
Muri make, MBR membrane bioreactor igira uruhare runini mugutunganya imyanda, harimo gutandukanya neza-amazi meza, kongera ingufu za mikorobe, kugabanya imyanda isigaye, gukuraho azote ya amoniya, kuzigama umwanya no kugabanya gukoresha ingufu, nibindi ni umwanda mwiza kandi wubukungu. tekinoroji yumutungo.
Umwanya wo gusaba MBR membrane
Mu mpera za 90, membrane bioreactor (MBR) yinjiye mubikorwa bifatika. Muri iki gihe, membrane bioreactors (MBR) yakoreshejwe cyane mubice bikurikira:
1. Gutunganya imyanda yo mumijyi no gukoresha amazi mumazu
Mu 1967, uruganda rutunganya amazi y’amazi rwifashishije inzira ya MBR rwubatswe n’isosiyete yo muri Amerika, yatunganyaga 14m3 / d y’amazi mabi. Mu 1977, gahunda yo kongera gukoresha umwanda yashyizwe mu bikorwa mu nyubako ndende mu Buyapani. Mu myaka ya za 90 rwagati, mu Buyapani hari ibihingwa 39 byakoreshwaga, bifite ubushobozi bwo gutunganya bigera kuri 500m3 / d, kandi inyubako ndende zirenga 100 zakoresheje MBR mu gutunganya imyanda isubira mu mazi yo hagati.
2. Gutunganya amazi mabi yinganda
Kuva mu myaka ya za 90, ibikoresho byo gutunganya MBR bikomeje kwaguka, usibye kongera gukoresha amazi, gutunganya umwanda w’imyanda, gusaba MBR mu gutunganya amazi y’inganda n’inganda nabyo byahangayikishijwe cyane, nko gutunganya amazi y’inganda z’ibiribwa, gutunganya amazi y’amazi y’amazi, amazi y’amazi yo mu mazi. Amavuta yo kwisiga yangiza amazi, irangi ryamazi, amazi ya peteroli yimiti, yabonye ibisubizo byiza byo kuvura.
3. Isuku y'amazi yo kunywa yanduye
Hamwe nogukoresha ifumbire ya azote hamwe nudukoko twica udukoko mu buhinzi, amazi yo kunywa nayo yanduye ku buryo butandukanye. Mu myaka ya za 90 rwagati, isosiyete yateje imbere gahunda ya MBR ifite imirimo yo kuvanaho azote y’ibinyabuzima, imiti yica udukoko twangiza no kuvanaho imyanda icyarimwe, kwibumbira kwa azote mu masoko biri munsi ya 0.1mgNO2 / L, kandi kwibanda ku miti yica udukoko ni bike kurenza 0.02μg / L.
4. Gutunganya umwanda
Ibigize ibintu kama mumyanda ya fecal ni byinshi cyane, uburyo bwa gakondo bwo kuvura denitrification busaba kwibumbira hamwe, kandi gutandukana kwamazi n’amazi ntibihamye, bigira ingaruka kumiti yo hejuru. Kugaragara kwa MBR gukemura iki kibazo neza, kandi bituma bishoboka gutunganya umwanda wimyanda utabanje kuyungurura.
5. Kuvura imyanda / ifumbire mvaruganda
Imyanda y’imyanda / ifumbire mvaruganda irimo imyanda ihumanya ikirere, kandi ubwiza bwayo n’amazi biratandukanye bitewe nikirere ndetse n’imikorere. Ikoranabuhanga rya MBR ryakoreshejwe mu nganda nyinshi zitunganya imyanda mbere ya 1994. Binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga rya MBR na RO, ntabwo SS gusa, ibintu kama na azote bishobora gukurwaho, ariko kandi umunyu n’ibyuma biremereye bishobora kuvaho neza. MBR ikoresha imvange isanzwe ya bagiteri kugirango isenye hydrocarbone hamwe n’ibintu bya chlorine biva mu mazi kandi bivura ibyanduza byikubye inshuro 50 kugeza ku 100 ugereranije n’ibisanzwe bitunganya amazi y’amazi. Impamvu yiyi ngaruka yo kuvura nuko MBR ishobora kugumana bagiteri ikora neza kandi ikagera kuri 5000g / m2 ya bagiteri. Mu kizamini cya pilato yo mu murima, COD y’amazi yinjira ni magana kugeza kuri 40000mg / L, kandi ikurwaho ry’imyanda irenze 90%.
Iterambere ryiterambere rya MBR membrane:
Ibice byingenzi nicyerekezo cyo gusaba
A. Kuvugurura ibihingwa bitunganya imyanda biriho mumijyi, cyane cyane ibihingwa byamazi bifite ubwiza bwamazi bigoye kubahiriza ubuziranenge cyangwa uburyo bwo gutunganya bwiyongera cyane kandi ntibishobora kwagurwa.
B. Ahantu ho gutura hadafite imiyoboro y'amazi, nk'ahantu ho gutura, resitora z'ubukerarugendo, ahantu nyaburanga, n'ibindi.
C. Uturere cyangwa ahantu hakenewe kongera gukoresha imyanda, nkamahoteri, gukaraba imodoka, indege zitwara abagenzi, ubwiherero bugendanwa, nibindi, bitanga umukino wuzuye kubiranga MBR, nkubutaka buto, ibikoresho byoroheje, kugenzura byikora, guhinduka no korohereza .
D. Kwibanda cyane, uburozi, bigoye gutesha agaciro amazi mabi yinganda. Nkimpapuro, isukari, inzoga, uruhu, acide fatty acide nizindi nganda, nibisanzwe bihumanya. MBR irashobora gutunganya neza amazi mabi adashobora kuba yujuje ubuziranenge bwibikorwa bisanzwe byo gutunganya no kumenya kongera gukoreshwa.
E. Kuvura imyanda kuvura no gukoresha.
F. Gukoresha ibimera bito bito (sitasiyo). Ibiranga tekinoroji ya membrane irakwiriye cyane mu gutunganya imyanda mito mito.
Sisitemu ya Membrane bioreactor (MBR) yabaye imwe mu buhanga bushya bwo gutunganya amazi mabi no gukoresha amazi mabi kubera ubwiza bw’amazi meza, meza kandi ahamye. Muri iki gihe urwego rw’ibidukikije rw’amazi rugenda rukomera, MBR yerekanye imbaraga zayo z’iterambere, kandi izahinduka umunywanyi ukomeye wo gusimbuza ikoranabuhanga gakondo ryo gutunganya amazi mabi mu bihe biri imbere.