Inganda zashutswe Kumashanyarazi Ntoya ya firime Yumye Kumashanyarazi Kumashini

Dukurikije igitabo cya tekiniki cyo gutunganya imyanda no kujugunya imyanda itunganya imyanda yo mu mijyi yatanzwe na Leta, hashyizweho uburyo bune bwo kujugunya imyanda, aribwo gukoresha ubutaka, imyanda y’isuku, gukoresha ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi no gutwika byumye. Bitewe nimbogamizi zigenda zigaragara hamwe nimpamvu mbi ziterwa nubutaka mu buhinzi, imyanda, inyanja n’ibindi, uburyo bwo gutunganya no gutwika imyanda bwakoreshejwe cyane kandi bugenda butera imbere mu bihugu bitandukanye, nta gushidikanya ko gutwika imyanda bizaba kimwe. ya gahunda yingenzi kandi nziza yo guta tekinike muriki cyiciro.

Ukurikije akavuyo kakozwe nisosiyete ifite ibimenyetso bya tekiniki biranga imyanda ishobora guteza akaga, gutwika no kujugunya ibicuruzwa nyuma yo gukama, ndetse no gukenera inkomoko y’ubushyuhe, bityo rero birakenewe ko dusuzuma byimazeyo umutekano wacyo, guhuza tekiniki, guhuza n’ubukungu, gukoresha no kuzamurwa mu ntera, bifatanije nubwoko bwibikoresho byo kumisha bikoreshwa mugukama kumashanyarazi byashyizwe mubikorwa, Ubwoko bwibikoresho bitandatu byumye byumye, harimo ubwoko bwigitanda cyamazi, ibyiciro bibiri, ubwoko bworoshye, ubwoko bwa paddle, ubwoko bwa disiki na spray ubwoko, bwagereranijwe kandi bwatoranijwe. Ufatanije no gukura kwa tekiniki, gutezimbere sisitemu, umutekano wibikorwa no kujugunya ibidukikije kurengera ibikoresho bitandatu byumye, ubwoko bwibikoresho byo kumisha firime yoroheje byamenyekanye.

1. Ibikoresho bigize firime yoroheje

Muri rusange, icyuma cyoroshye cya firime kigizwe nigishishwa cya silindrike gifite ubushyuhe, rotor izunguruka mugikonoshwa, hamwe nigikoresho cyo gutwara rotor. Rotor ifite ibikoresho byinshi bitandukanye nibisobanuro bya paddle, paddle na rotor bigenwa na bolts, uburyo bwo guterana burashobora guhinduka kuburyo bworoshye, kugirango bihuze nimpinduka ziranga imyanda nubushobozi bwo kuvura; Igikonoshwa cyose cya firime yumye yoroheje ihujwe mubice. Ukurikije ibisabwa bitandukanye byo kujugunya, irashobora kugabanywa ahantu henshi hashyuha, kandi irashobora kumenya kugenzura umuntu kugiti cye, guhindura ubushyuhe, guhinduranya ibintu hamwe nibindi bikorwa.

Icyuma gikwirakwizwa gikwirakwizwa ku cyondo cyinjira no mu cyondo gisohoka cya rotor. Ibyuma bine bikwirakwiza byashyizwe kuri buri nkingi yicyondo cyinjira cyanyuma cya silinderi, gishyirwa kuri Angle ya 45 ° hamwe numurongo winkingi. Intego yo kwishyiriraho ni ukumenya ko isuka ihita ifatirwa hejuru yurukuta rushyushye nyuma yo kwinjira muri silinderi kandi ifite umurimo wo kugeza kumpera isohoka, hamwe nibice 72; Ibifuniko bibiri byanyuma bikwirakwiza ibyuma bisakara bishyirwa kuri buri nkingi yumusozo wibyondo, kandi ibyuma bisakara bikwirakwizwa kuruhande rwibiryo bigashyirwa kuri Anglique ya 45 °, kugirango intego yo kwishyiriraho ari uguhindura imbaraga za inertia yibicuruzwa. mugihe cyo gusohora kugirango ugere kumurimo wo gusohora kubuntu kuburemere, byose hamwe 36.

Ibyuma byohereza bikwirakwizwa mu gice cyo hagati cya rotor, kandi ibyuma 40 byashyizwe kuri buri nkingi, byose hamwe bikaba 720.

Ubwoko butandukanye bwibyuma bumenya byimazeyo ibikorwa byingenzi byo gukwirakwiza imyanda, gukwirakwiza, gusibanganya, gukurura, gusubira inyuma, kwisukura no gutwara hejuru yurukuta rushyushye kuva kumurimo. Muncamake, iyo isuka itose yinjiye kuva kumpera yumutambiko wa horizontal, ihita ikwirakwizwa hejuru yurukuta rushyushye na rotor izunguruka kugirango ikore urwego ruto rwibintu. Mugihe ibyuma kuri rotor bikomeza kuzunguruka urwego ruto rwamazi yatose yagabanijwe hejuru yurukuta rushyushye, ibyuma byohereza hamwe nuyobora Imikorere ya Angle yashyizwe kuri rotor irazunguruka hamwe no kuzenguruka kuzenguruka kwa rotor. Igice cya kabiri cyumye cyumubyimba cyakozwe mugikorwa cyo gutobora igicucu cyoroshye no gukama byerekana ihererekanyabubasha rya horizontal hamwe nicyerekezo cyerekezo cya rotor ku muvuduko runaka, hanyuma ugana imbere ugana ahacururizwa ku rundi ruhande rwa firime yumye. Uburebure bwa axial yubunini bwa firime yumye ntabwo ari umurongo utambitse gusa kuva kumpera yibiryo kugeza kumpera isohoka, ariko kandi irangiza kugaburira no gusohora imyanda muri silinderi yose itambitse ya firime yumye. Muri ubu buryo, isuka itose ishyutswe neza nurukuta rushyushye kandi amazi arahumeka. Igihe cyo gutura cyumushi utose muma firime yumye ni 10 ~ 15 min, irashobora kumenya gutangira byihuse, guhagarara no gusiba, kandi imikorere yo kugenzura no kugenzura ibikoresho birihuta cyane.

3. Umwuka wo gukusanya gaze ya firime yoroheje

Ubushuhe bwamazi yo mumashanyarazi agaburirwa na firime yoroheje ni 75% ~ 85% (ubarwa nka 80%), naho ubuhehere buri mumazi yakozwe na firime yoroheje ni 35%. Igice cya kabiri cyumye cyerekanwe nka granular kijyanwa mugice gikurikira binyuze murwego rukurikira rutanga ibikoresho. Gazi itwara imvange, nk'umwuka wamazi, guhunga umukungugu na gaze yumunuko, byakozwe mugikorwa cyogukora firime yoroheje, bigenda byimbere hamwe nigitonyanga kiri muri silinderi, hanyuma kijugunywa muri kondenseri binyuze mumiyoboro iva mumazi ya gaze ya gaze. hejuru yicyambu cyo kugaburira. Muri kondereseri, amazi ya gaze yabatwara yegeranye na parike, kandi gaze idacana itandukanijwe nigitonyanga hanyuma ikajugunywa muri sisitemu yo kumisha binyuze muri gaze ya gaze iterwa numufana. Ingano yumuriro wa gaze ya firime yoroheje ni ntoya, mubisanzwe 5% ~ 10% gusa yo guhumeka kwa sisitemu. Umuyaga uterwa n'umuyaga utuma sisitemu yose yumisha muburyo bwa micro negative pressure kugirango wirinde gutemba kwinshi kwa gaze numukungugu.

2. Ibipimo bya tekinike yibikoresho byingenzi byo gukama firime yoroheje

Ukurikije ibyifuzo byuyu mushinga, ubushobozi bwo gutunganya ibishishwa bya sisitemu imwe yo kumisha imyanda byiyemeje kuba 2.5t / h (ukurikije ubuhehere bwa 80%), naho ubuhehere bw’amazi ni 35%. Ubushobozi bwo kuvura buri munsi bwa firime imwe yoroheje ni 60 t / d (ukurikije ubuhehere buri kuri 80%), ubushobozi bwo guhumeka bugereranywa na firime imwe yoroheje ni 1.731 t / h, ubuso bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe bwa kimwe icyuma cyoroshye cya firime ni m2 50, nubushuhe bwamazi ya sludge ni 80%, naho ubuhehere bwibisohoka ni 35%. Inkomoko yubushyuhe bwa firime yoroheje yumye yuzuye, kandi ubwiza bwogutanga ibyuka bitumizwa mu mahanga: ubushyuhe bwamazi ni 180 ℃, umuvuduko wamazi ni 1.0 MPa, gukoresha amavuta ya firime imwe yoroheje ni 2.33t / h, naho umubare wa firime yoroheje ni 2, imwe yo gukoresha imwe.

Umwuka wuzuye wa 180 ℃ ujyanwa kumashanyarazi yumurongo unyuze kumuyoboro wumuvuduko, kandi ukoreshwa nkisoko yubushyuhe kugirango ushushe mu buryo butaziguye icyuma cyumye. Amazi yo mu gice cyumye yumye arushijeho guhinduka mumashanyarazi yumye. Ukurikije icyifuzo nyacyo cyibicuruzwa biva (gutangira no guhagarara), isuka ya nyuma irashobora kugera ku 10% yubushuhe hanyuma ikajya gukonjesha ibicuruzwa.

Ubushobozi bwo gutunganya ibyuma byumurongo ni 0,769t / h (ibirimo ubuhehere 35%), ibyuka bihumeka ni 0.214t / h, ubuso bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe ni m2 50, ubuhehere buri mubitaka byinjira mumashanyarazi ni 35%, ubushuhe ibirimo gusohoka ni 10%, ibipimo byubwiza bwumubyimba wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo: Ubushyuhe bwamazi ni 180 ℃, umuvuduko wamazi ni 1.0 MPa, gukoresha amavuta yumuti wumurongo umwe ni 0.253 t / h, kandi ubwinshi bufite ibikoresho hamwe na 1.

Ubwoko bwibikoresho bya gaze ya gazi itwara ibintu ni insimburangingo ya Hybrid itaziguye, hamwe n’umwuka wa 3 500 Nm3 / h, ubushyuhe bwa gaze yinjira ya 95 ~ 110 ℃, ubushyuhe bwa gaze isohoka 90 ~ 180 Nm3 / h, na gaze isohoka ubushyuhe bwa 55 ℃.

Ubwoko bwibikoresho bya gaze yikigo itwara umushinga ni umuyaga mwinshi wa centrifugal, ingano ntarengwa yo guhumeka ikirere ni 400 Nm3 / h, umuvuduko wumwuka ni 4.8 kPa, ibipimo bifatika bya gazi itwara: ubushyuhe ni 45 ℃, ubushuhe ni 80% ~ 100% ivanze numwuka wumuyaga wa gazi ivanze, sisitemu imwe yo kumisha ifite ibikoresho 1.

Ubushobozi bwo gutunganya ibicuruzwa bikonjesha ni 1.8t / h, ubushyuhe bwinjira muri slegge ni 110 ° C, ubushyuhe bwo gusohoka ni ≤45 ° C, ahantu ho guhanahana ubushyuhe ni m2 20, kandi ubwinshi ni 1.

3. Isesengura ry'ingufu zikoreshwa mu bukungu mugihe cyo gutangiza firime yoroheje

Nyuma yigihe kingana nigice cyukwezi kwa komisiyo imwe hamwe nogutwara ibyondo gahunda yo gukama firime yoroheje, ibisubizo nibi bikurikira.

Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gutunganya ubushobozi bwa firime imwe yoroheje muri uyu mushinga ni 60 t / d. Kugeza ubu, impuzandengo yo kuvura ibishanga bitose mugihe cyo gutangira ni 50 t / d (ibirimo ubuhehere ni 79%), ikaba imaze kugera kuri 83% yikigereranyo cyateganijwe cyo gutunganya ibishishwa bitose hamwe na 87.5% byubushakashatsi bwakozwe.

Impuzandengo yubushuhe bwa kimwe cya kabiri cyumye cyakozwe na firime yoroheje ni 36%, naho ubuhehere bwibice byumye byumye byoherezwa mu mahanga byumye ni 36%, bikaba ahanini bihuye nagaciro kagenewe igishushanyo mbonera (35%).

Gupimwa na metero zuzuye ziva mumazi mumazi yo kumisha, gukoresha amavuta yuzuye ni 25 t / d, naho theoretique yubushyuhe bwa buri munsi bwo gukoresha ubushyuhe bwihishwa bwuka bwuka ni 25 t × 1 000 × 2 014.8 kJ / kg ÷ 4.184 kJ = 1.203 871 9 × 107 kcal / d. Impuzandengo ya buri munsi amazi yo guhumeka ya sisitemu yo kumisha ni (50 t × 0,79) - sisitemu yo kumisha imyanda ni 1.203 871 9 × 107 ÷ 23 875 = 504 kcal / kg amazi yahumutse; Kuberako sisitemu yo kumisha isukari ihindurwamo ihinduka ryibintu bitose bitose, ubwiza bwamazi yo hanze, hamwe nibiranga ibikoresho byogutwara ibicuruzwa byumye byumye kugirango bishoboke hamwe nibindi bintu, birakenewe ko hahindurwa agaciro kibihinduka bitandukanye mugihe kizaza ibikorwa byigihe kirekire byo kugerageza, kugirango tuvuge muri make imiterere yimikorere myiza nubukungu bukoresha ingufu za sisitemu.

1.Iyi mashini yumisha firime

Imiterere yibikoresho byumye ya firime yoroheje igizwe nigishishwa cya silindrike gifite ubushyuhe, rotor izunguruka mugikonoshwa, hamwe nigikoresho cyo gutwara rotor: moteri + kugabanya.

Rotor ifite ibyuma byo gutwikira, kuvanga no kugenda. Intera iri hagati yicyuma nigikonoshwa cyimbere ni 5 kugeza 10 mm. Ubushuhe burashobora kwihanagura, kandi ibyuma birashobora guhindurwa kugiti ciwe.

Igikoresho cyo gutwara ibinyabiziga: umuvuduko urashobora kugenzurwa kuri 10 m / S, umwanya wo gutura ni 10 ~ 15 min.

2. Umubiri wumye

Icyuma cyumurongo gifata ubwoko bwa U-shusho ya convoyeur, kandi icyuma cyohereza cyarateguwe kandi gitunganijwe kugirango hirindwe gukata no gutemagura uduce duto. Igikonoshwa nizunguruka cyumurongo wumurongo ni ugushyushya ibice, kandi igikonoshwa gishobora gusenywa. Usibye ibice byo gushyushya, igice gihuye nigituba gikozwe mubyuma 316 L cyangwa ibikoresho bisa, naho ibindi bice bikozwe mubyuma bya karubone, ni ukuvuga ibikoresho byo kumisha umurongo bikozwe muri SS304 + CS.

3. Umuyoboro

Imikorere ya gaze ya gaze itwara ni ukwoza gaze isohoka mu cyuma cyumisha kugirango gazi yegeranye muri gaze. Ubwoko bwibikoresho ni ibikoresho bya spray, kandi ibikoresho byo gutunganya ni SS304.

4.Ibyuma bikonjesha

Igikorwa cyo gukonjesha ibicuruzwa ni ukugabanya igice cyumye cyumye cya 110 ° C kugeza kuri 45 ° C, hamwe nubushuhe bwohereza ubushyuhe bwa m2 21 nimbaraga za 4 kW. Ibikoresho byingenzi byo gutunganya no gukora ibikoresho bya SS304 + CS.

Uburyo bworoshye bwo kumisha firime yamashanyarazi yamenyekanye mumyaka yashize kubera imiterere ya tekiniki, bituma iba uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura ibishishwa. Inzira ikubiyemo gukoresha firime yoroheje, kugirango ikure vuba kandi neza neza amazi mumase, hasigare ibicuruzwa byumye byoroshye kubyoroshya no gutwara. Ufatanije nuburambe bwibikorwa bya sisitemu yuburyo bukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwikoranabuhanga mu rwego rwo gukama no gutwika, ibintu bya tekiniki biranga uburyo bwo kumisha firime yoroheje nuburyo bukurikira.

1. Ibyingenzi byingenzi bya tekinike yibikoresho bya firime yoroheje yamashanyarazi ni uburyo bworoshye bwo guhuza. Ubu buryo busaba ibikoresho byibura byingirakamaro kandi biroroshye gukora no kugenzura. Uburyo bwo kumisha ntibusaba kuvanga inyuma, kandi isuka isimbuka mu buryo butaziguye "icyiciro cya plastiki" (zone viscosity zone), bigatuma inzira ikora neza kandi neza. Byongeye kandi, ingano ya gaze yumurizo yabyaye ni ntoya kandi uburyo bwo gutunganya gazi umurizo biroroshye, bigatuma ubukungu bwangiza, bukora neza kandi bwangiza ibidukikije.

2.Gukoresha ubukungu nubundi buryo bwingenzi bwimashini itunganya firime yoroheje. Azwiho gukoresha ingufu nkeya ugereranije no guhumeka neza. Kugarura no gutunganya uburyo bwo gushyushya nabyo birashoboka, bikagabanya ibiciro byingufu. Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, ibikoresho birakomeye, bifite amafaranga make yo kubungabunga kandi bisaba gukurikiranwa gake, bigatuma biba igisubizo cyigiciro cyumuti wumye.

3.Imikorere ihindagurika nayo ni ikintu kigaragara cyimashini yoroheje ya firime yamashanyarazi. Birakwiriye kumisha ubwoko butandukanye bwibishishwa bya paste kandi birashobora kubyara ibicuruzwa bimwe biva mubutaka hamwe nibirimo byose. Iyi nzira ifite umutwaro muke, gutangira byoroshye no guhagarara, nigihe gito cyo gusiba, ibyo bikaba byongera imikorere yimikorere.

4. Inzira yoroheje ya firime yamashanyarazi izwiho umutekano no kurengera ibidukikije. Ifata ibice byinshi byubushakashatsi nka N2, icyuka, hamwe no kwizimya. Inzira ikora muri sisitemu mbi ifunze hamwe na ogisijeni nkeya, nta mpumuro ndetse no kumeneka umukungugu, kugabanya amahirwe yo guturika ivumbi no kurinda umutekano no kurengera ibidukikije uburyo bwo kumisha imyanda.

Muncamake, ibintu bya tekiniki biranga firime yoroheje yo kumisha bituma ikora neza, yubukungu nibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije. Iyi nzira ifite ibiranga ubworoherane bwuzuye, ubukungu bukora, guhuza imikorere, umutekano no kurengera ibidukikije, nibindi, kandi nigisubizo cyingirakamaro kubikoresho byumye.