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Membrane Bioreactor MBR Package System Sewage Waste Water Treatment Plant
Mfundo yogwira ntchito ya mbr membrane bioreactor
MBR membrane bioreactor (MBR) ndi njira yabwino yoyeretsera madzi oyipa yomwe imaphatikiza ukadaulo wolekanitsa wa membrane ndi ukadaulo wochiritsa mwachilengedwe. Mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito imachokera pa mfundo zotsatirazi:
Ukadaulo wolekanitsa ma membrane: Nembanemba ya MBR imasiyanitsidwa ndi ukadaulo wa ultrafiltration kapena microfiltration nembanemba, m'malo mwa thanki yachiwiri ya sedimentation ndi gawo lazosefera wamba munjira yachimbudzi yachikhalidwe. Tekinoloje iyi imatha kugwira bwino ntchito ya sludge ndi ma macromolecular organic, kuti ikwaniritse kulekanitsa kwamadzi olimba.
Kulekanitsa kwamadzi olimba kolimba kwambiri: Mphamvu yamphamvu yolekanitsa yamadzi yolimba ya MBR membrane bioreactor imapangitsa madzi otayira kukhala abwino, osasunthika komanso osasunthika pafupi ndi ziro, ndipo amatha kugwira zowononga zachilengedwe monga E. coli. Ubwino wotayira pambuyo pa kuchiritsa mwachiwonekere ndi wapamwamba kuposa momwe amayeretsera madzi onyansa, ndipo ndi njira yabwino komanso yotsika mtengo yobwezeretsanso madzi otayira.
Kukhathamiritsa kwa chithandizo chamankhwala: Njira ya nembanemba ya MBR imalimbitsa kwambiri ntchito ya bioreactor kudzera muukadaulo wolekanitsa nembanemba, ndipo ndi imodzi mwamaukadaulo atsopano opangira madzi oyipa poyerekeza ndi njira zochiritsira zachilengedwe. Iwo ali ubwino zoonekeratu monga mkulu kuchotsa mlingo wa zoipitsa, kukana amphamvu sludge kutupa, khola ndi odalirika effluent khalidwe.
Zida makhalidwe: Makhalidwe a MBR nembanemba ndondomeko m'nyumba zida zimbudzi mankhwala zimbudzi monga mkulu kuchotsedwa mlingo wa zoipitsa, kukana mwamphamvu sludge kutupa, khola ndi odalirika laukhondo madzi khalidwe, makina kutseka nembanemba kupewa imfa ya tizilombo, ndi mkulu sludge ndende akhoza. kusungidwa mu bioreactor.
MBR nembanemba bioreactor kudzera mu mfundo pamwambapa, kukwaniritsa imayenera ndi khola chimbudzi zotsatira zake, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba zonyansa zonyansa, mankhwala otayira mafakitale mafakitale ndi zina.
Kupanga kwa MBR membrane bioreactor
Membrane bioreactor system (MBR) nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi magawo awa:
1. Chitsime cholowera madzi: Chitsime cholowera madzi chimakhala ndi doko lolowera komanso chipata cholowera madzi. Pankhani kuti kuchuluka kwa madzi kuposa katundu dongosolo kapena dongosolo mankhwala ali ndi ngozi, chipata cholowera madzi chatsekedwa, ndi zimbudzi mwachindunji kutulutsidwa mu mtsinje kapena maukonde tauni chitoliro chapafupi kudzera doko kusefukira.
2. Gridi: zimbudzi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zinyalala zambiri, pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yachibadwa ya nembanemba bioreactor, m'pofunika kuthyola mitundu yonse ya ulusi, slag, zinyalala pepala ndi zinyalala zina kunja kwa dongosolo, choncho m'pofunika kukhazikitsa. gululi pamaso pa dongosolo, ndipo nthawi zonse kuyeretsa grid slag.
3. Tanki yoyendetsera: Kuchuluka ndi khalidwe la zonyansa zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa zimasintha ndi nthawi. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yachibadwa ya dongosolo lotsatira la mankhwala ndi kuchepetsa katundu wogwirira ntchito, m'pofunika kusintha kuchuluka ndi khalidwe la zimbudzi, kotero thanki yoyendetsera malamulo imapangidwa musanalowe mu dongosolo la mankhwala achilengedwe. Tanki yotenthetsera iyenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse. Dziwe loyang'anira nthawi zambiri limayikidwa kuti lisefukire, zomwe zingatsimikizire kuti dongosololi likugwira ntchito bwino pamene katunduyo ali wamkulu kwambiri.
4. Wosonkhanitsa tsitsi: M'madzi opangira madzi, chifukwa madzi osamba osamba omwe amasonkhanitsidwa amakhala ndi tsitsi laling'ono ndi CHIKWANGWANI ndi zinyalala zina zabwino zomwe gululi silingathe kuzimitsa kwathunthu, zingayambitse kutsekeka kwa mpope ndi MBR reactor, potero kuchepetsa Kusamalira bwino, kotero kuti membrane bioreactor yopangidwa ndi kampani yathu yakhazikitsidwa chotolera tsitsi.
5. MBR reaction thanki: Kuwonongeka kwa zowononga organic ndi kulekanitsa matope ndi madzi kumachitika mu tanki ya MBR reaction. Monga gawo loyambira lamankhwala, thanki yochitirapo kanthu imaphatikizapo ma microbial colonies, zigawo za membrane, njira yosonkhanitsira madzi, njira yamadzimadzi, ndi makina aeration.
6. Chipangizo chophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: Malinga ndi zomwe madzi amafuna, makina a MBR opangidwa ndi kampani yathu adapangidwa ndi chipangizo chopha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chomwe chimatha kuwongolera mlingo.
7. Chipangizo choyezera: Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti dongosololi likuyenda bwino, dongosolo la MBR lopangidwa ndi kampani yathu limagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo za metering monga ma flow meters ndi madzi amadzi kuti azilamulira magawo a dongosolo.
8. Chida chowongolera zamagetsi: bokosi lamagetsi lamagetsi lomwe limayikidwa mu chipinda cha zida. Imawongolera kwambiri pampu yolowera, fani ndi pampu yoyamwa. Kuwongolera kumapezeka m'mawonekedwe amanja komanso odziyimira pawokha. Pansi pa ulamuliro wa PLC, mpope wamadzi wolowetsa madzi umangoyenda molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi a dziwe lililonse. Kugwira ntchito kwa mpope woyamwa kumayendetsedwa pang'onopang'ono malinga ndi nthawi yomwe yakhazikitsidwa. Mulingo wamadzi wa dziwe la MBR ukatsika, mpope woyamwa umayima kuti uteteze msonkhano wa filimuyo.
9. Dziwe loyera: molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito.
Mitundu ya MBR membrane
Ma membrane mu MBR (membrane bioreactor) amagawidwa m'mitundu iyi, iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe apadera:
Membrane ya Fiber:
Maonekedwe athupi: Chingwe chopanda kanthu chimakhala ndi mtolo, wopangidwa ndi tinthu tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tambirimbiri, mkati mwa ulusi ndi njira yamadzimadzi, kunja kwake ndi madzi otayira oyenera kuthiridwa.
Mawonekedwe: Kachulukidwe wamderali: pali gawo lalikulu la membrane pa voliyumu iliyonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zidazo zikhale zogwirana komanso zocheperako. Kutsuka bwino kwa gasi: Pamwamba pa filimuyo amatha kutsuka mwachindunji kudzera mu mpweya, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa kuipitsidwa kwa membrane.
Zosavuta kukhazikitsa ndikusinthanso: Mapangidwe a Modular kuti akonze mosavuta ndikukweza.
Kugawa kwa pore ndikofanana: kulekana ndikwabwino, ndipo kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoyimitsidwa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndizokwera.
Gulu: kuphatikiza filimu yotchinga ndi filimu yathyathyathya, filimu yotchinga nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kumizidwa m'madzi a MBR, filimu yosalala ndi yoyenera kwa MBR yakunja.
Filimu yokhazikika:
Maonekedwe athupi: Chidutswacho chimakhazikika pa chothandizira, ndipo mbali ziwirizo ndi madzi onyansa oti ayeretsedwe komanso madzi olowera.
Mawonekedwe:
Kapangidwe kokhazikika: diaphragm yosalala, mphamvu yamakina apamwamba, sizovuta kupindika, kuthekera kolimba kolimba.
Kuyeretsa bwino: Pamwambapa ndi kosavuta kuyeretsa, ndipo zowononga zimatha kuchotsedwa bwino poyeretsa ndi kuchapa thupi.
Valani kukana: Pakugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, kuvala pamwamba pa filimu kumakhala kochepa, ndipo moyo wautumiki ndi wautali.
Oyenera kulekanitsa olimba-zamadzimadzi: kutsekereza zotsatira za inaimitsidwa nkhani ndi lalikulu particles ndi zabwino kwambiri.
Oyenera ntchito zazikuluzikulu: Mapangidwe a modular ndi osavuta kukulitsa komanso oyenera malo opangira zimbudzi zazikulu.
Filimu ya Tubular:
Maonekedwe athupi: Zinthu za nembanemba zimakulungidwa pagulu lothandizira la tubular, ndipo madzi oyipa amayenda mu chubu ndikulowa mumadzi kuchokera ku khoma la chubu.
Mawonekedwe:
Kuthekera kolimbana ndi kuipitsidwa kwamphamvu: Mapangidwe amayendedwe amkati amathandizira kupangika kwa chipwirikiti ndikuchepetsa kuyika kwa zoipitsa pamtunda.
Kutha kudziyeretsa bwino: kuthamanga kwamadzi othamanga mu chubu kumathandiza kutsuka nembanemba pamwamba ndikuchepetsa kuipitsidwa kwa membrane.
Agwirizane ndi zinthu zoyimitsidwa kwambiri zamadzi otayidwa: kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zayimitsidwa ndi zinthu za fibrous zili ndi mphamvu yabwino yochizira.
Kukonza kosavuta: Chigawo chimodzi cha membrane chikawonongeka, chimatha kusinthidwa padera, osakhudza magwiridwe antchito onse.
Filimu ya Ceramic:
Thupi mawonekedwe: porous filimu sintered kuchokera inorganic zipangizo (monga alumina, zirconia, etc.), ndi dongosolo khola olimba.
Mawonekedwe:
Kukhazikika kwabwino kwamankhwala: kugonjetsedwa ndi asidi, alkali, zosungunulira za organic ndi kutentha kwakukulu, koyenera kuchitira nkhanza m'mafakitale opangira madzi onyansa.
Valani kukana, odana ndi kuipitsa: yosalala nembanemba pamwamba, osati zosavuta kuyamwa organic zinthu, mkulu flux kuchira kuchira pambuyo kuyeretsa, moyo wautali.
Kabowo kolondola komanso kolamulirika: kulondola kwakukulu kolekanitsa, koyenera kupatukana bwino ndikuchotsa koyipa kwenikweni.
Mkulu wamakina mphamvu: kugonjetsedwa ndi breakage, oyenera ntchito kuthamanga kwambiri ndi backwashing pafupipafupi.
Gulu potengera kukula kwa kabowo:
Ultrafiltration nembanemba: Kabowo kakang'ono (kawirikawiri pakati pa 0.001 ndi 0.1 microns), makamaka kuchotsa mabakiteriya, mavairasi, colloids, macromolecular organic matter ndi zina zotero.
Microfiltration nembanemba: Bowolo ndi lalikulu pang'ono (pafupifupi 0.1 mpaka 1 micron), makamaka lomwe limagwira zolimba zoyimitsidwa, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, ndi ma macromolecular organic matter.
Gulu poyika:
Kumiza: Chigawo cha nembanemba chimamizidwa mwachindunji mumadzi osakanikirana mu bioreactor, ndipo madzi omwe amatha kutulutsa amachotsedwa ndi kuyamwa kapena kutulutsa mpweya.
Kunja: Gawo la membrane limayikidwa mosiyana ndi bioreactor. Madzi omwe amayenera kuthandizidwa amapanikizidwa ndi mpope ndipo amayenda kudzera mu membrane module. The olekanitsidwa permeating madzi ndi moyikira madzi madzi amasonkhanitsidwa padera.
Mwachidule, mitundu ya nembanemba mu MBR ndi yosiyana ndipo ili ndi mawonekedwe awoawo, ndipo kusankha kwa nembanemba kumadalira malo enieni amadzi onyansa, zofunikira zamankhwala, bajeti yazachuma, magwiridwe antchito ndi kukonza zinthu ndi zina. Okonza ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kupanga chisankho choyenera malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili kuti zitsimikizire kuti dongosolo la MBR likuyenda bwino komanso lokhazikika.
Udindo wa MBR membrane bioreactor pakuyeretsa madzi onyansa
Udindo wa dongosolo la MBR pakuyeretsa zimbudzi umawonekera makamaka m'mbali izi:
Kulekanitsa bwino kwamadzi olimba. MBR imagwiritsa ntchito nembanembayo kuti ikwaniritse kulekanitsa kwamadzi olimba, kuwongolera bwino zamadzimadzi, pafupi ndi ziro zoyimitsidwa ndi turbidity, ndikuchotsa kwambiri mabakiteriya ndi ma virus.
Mkulu tizilombo ndende. MBR imatha kukhalabe ndi matope ambiri oyendetsedwa ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwamankhwala achilengedwe, potero imachepetsa malo opangira madzi oyipa.
Chepetsani matope ambiri. Chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa MBR, kupanga matope otsalira kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndipo mtengo wamankhwala amatope ukhoza kuchepetsedwa. 34
Kuchotsa bwino kwa ammonia nayitrogeni. Dongosolo la MBR limatha kugwira tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi mibadwo yayitali, monga mabakiteriya a nitrifying, kuti awononge bwino ammonia nayitrogeni m'madzi.
Sungani malo ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Dongosolo la MBR kudzera pakulekanitsa kwamadzi olimba komanso kukulitsa kwachilengedwe, nthawi yokhala ndi ma hydraulic ya gawo lothandizira imafupikitsidwa kwambiri, phazi la bioreactor limachepetsedwa mofananira, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa gawo lamankhwala kumachepetsedwanso chimodzimodzi chifukwa chakuchita bwino kwambiri. nembanemba.
Konzani madzi abwino. Makina a MBR amapereka zotayira zamtundu wapamwamba kwambiri zomwe zimakwaniritsa miyezo yaukali yotayira kapena zogwiritsanso ntchito.
Mwachidule, MBR nembanemba bioreactor imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuchotsa zimbudzi, kuphatikiza kulekanitsa kwamadzi olimba, kuchulukitsa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, kuchepetsa zinyalala zotsalira, kuchotsa bwino ammonia nayitrogeni, kupulumutsa malo komanso kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, etc. zipangizo zamakono.
Ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito membrane ya MBR
Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, membrane bioreactor (MBR) idalowa mu gawo lothandizira. Masiku ano, ma membrane bioreactors (MBR) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo otsatirawa:
1. Kuyeretsa zimbudzi zam'tawuni ndikugwiritsanso ntchito madzi m'nyumba
Mu 1967, malo oyeretsera madzi onyansa pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya MBR inamangidwa ndi kampani ku United States, yomwe inayeretsa 14m3 / d ya madzi oipa. Mu 1977, njira yogwiritsira ntchito zimbudzi inakhazikitsidwa m’nyumba ina yapamwamba ku Japan. M'katikati mwa zaka za m'ma 1990, kunali zomera 39 zomwe zimagwira ntchito ku Japan, zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu zokwana 500m3 /d, ndi nyumba zoposa 100 zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi MBR kuti ziwononge zimbudzi kubwerera m'madzi apakati.
2. Kusamalira madzi onyansa a mafakitale
Kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1990, zinthu za MBR zikupitiriza kukula, kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kwa madzi, chimbudzi cha chimbudzi, ntchito ya MBR muzitsulo zamadzimadzi zamakampani zakhala zikukhudzidwa kwambiri, monga chithandizo cha madzi onyansa amakampani a chakudya, madzi owonongeka a m'madzi, madzi onyansa a m'madzi. , zodzoladzola kupanga madzi oipa, utoto madzi oipa, petrochemical madzi oipa, apeza zotsatira zabwino mankhwala.
3. Kuyeretsa madzi akumwa odetsedwa pang'ono
Ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri feteleza wa nayitrogeni ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo paulimi, madzi akumwa aipitsidwanso mosiyanasiyana. M'katikati mwa zaka za m'ma 1990, kampaniyo inapanga ndondomeko ya MBR ndi ntchito za kuchotsa nayitrogeni kwachilengedwe, kutulutsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso kuchotsa matope nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni m'madzi otayira ndi ochepera 0.1mgNO2/L, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo kumachepa. kuposa 0.02μg/L
4. Kuchiza zimbudzi za ndowe
Zomwe zili muzinthu zamadzimadzi m'matumbo am'madzi ndizokwera kwambiri, njira yochizira yachikhalidwe cha denitrification imafuna ndende yayikulu ya sludge, ndipo kulekanitsa kwamadzi olimba kumakhala kosakhazikika, komwe kumakhudza zotsatira za chithandizo chapamwamba. Kutuluka kwa MBR kumathetsa vutoli bwino, ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kuchiza zimbudzi za ndowe mwachindunji popanda kuchepetsedwa.
5. Kuchotsa zotayira m'nthaka/ feteleza
Dothi lotayirako dothi/compost leachate lili ndi zinthu zambiri zoipitsa, ndipo mtundu wake ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi zimasiyana malinga ndi nyengo komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito. Ukadaulo wa MBR udagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ambiri otaya zimbudzi zisanachitike 1994. Kupyolera mu kuphatikiza kwaukadaulo wa MBR ndi RO, osati SS yokha, zinthu za organic ndi nayitrogeni zitha kuchotsedwa, komanso mchere ndi zitsulo zolemera zimatha kuchotsedwa bwino. MBR imagwiritsa ntchito mabakiteriya omwe amapezeka mwachilengedwe kuti aphwanye ma hydrocarbons ndi ma chlorinated compounds mu leachate ndipo amachotsa zonyansa pamagulu 50 mpaka 100 kuposa mayunitsi ochiritsira madzi oipa. Chifukwa cha mankhwalawa ndikuti MBR imatha kusunga mabakiteriya ogwira mtima kwambiri ndikukwaniritsa kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya a 5000g/m2. M'mayeso oyendetsa ndege, COD yamadzi olowera ndi mazana angapo mpaka 40000mg/L, ndipo kuchuluka kwa zoipitsa kumaposa 90%.
Chiyembekezo chakukula kwa membrane ya MBR:
Madera ofunikira ndi mayendedwe ogwiritsira ntchito
A. Kukweza kwa malo oyeretsera zimbudzi zomwe zilipo kale m'tauni, makamaka zomera zamadzi zomwe utsi wake umakhala wovuta kukwaniritsa muyezo kapena zomwe madzi ake amathiramo amachulukirachulukira ndipo dera lawo silingakulitsidwe.
B. Malo okhalamo opanda ma network ngalande, monga malo okhala, malo ochezera alendo, malo owoneka bwino, etc.
C. Madera kapena malo omwe ali ndi zosowa zogwiritsanso ntchito zimbudzi, monga mahotela, malo ochapira magalimoto, ndege zonyamula anthu, zimbudzi zam'manja, ndi zina zotero, zimasewera kwathunthu ku mawonekedwe a MBR, monga malo ang'onoang'ono, zida zophatikizika, kuwongolera zokha, kusinthasintha komanso kusavuta. .
D. High ndende, poizoni, zovuta kunyozetsa mafakitale mankhwala otayidwa. Monga mapepala, shuga, mowa, zikopa, zopangira mafuta zidulo ndi mafakitale ena, ndi wamba mfundo gwero kuipitsa. MBR imatha kuthira bwino madzi oyipa omwe sangakwaniritse mulingo wanthawi zonse wamankhwala ndikuzindikira kugwiritsidwanso ntchito.
E. Kuthiramo dothi kuthira mankhwala ndi kugwiritsanso ntchito.
F. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinyalala zazing'onoting'ono (masiteshoni). Makhalidwe a teknoloji ya membrane ndi abwino kwambiri pochiza zimbudzi zazing'ono.
Dongosolo la Membrane bioreactor (MBR) lakhala ukadaulo watsopano woyeretsa madzi oyipa ndikugwiritsanso ntchito madzi oyipa chifukwa cha madzi ake oyera, omveka bwino komanso okhazikika. Pamiyezo yamasiku ano yomwe ikuchulukirachulukira yamadzi, MBR yawonetsa kuthekera kwake kwachitukuko, ndipo ikhala mpikisano wamphamvu m'malo mwaukadaulo wothira madzi oyipa mtsogolo.