Chii chinonzi Electrostatic Precipitator?

Indasitiri chikamu chakakosha chehurongwa hwedu hwehupfumi, uye vazhinji vanotenda kuti ikodzero yavo kushivirira zviputi zvefekitari zvinovhunga mhepo. Asi havasi vazhinji vanoziva kuti tekinoroji ine mhinduro yakanakisa kune ino kweanopfuura zana muchimiro che electrostatic precipitators. Izvi zvinoderedza zvakanyanya kusvibiswa uye zvinobatsira kuvandudza nharaunda.

Chii chinonzi Electrostatic Precipitator?

Electrostatic precipitator (ESP) inotsanangurwa semudziyo wekusefa unoshandiswa kubvisa zvimedu zvakatsetseka seutsi neguruva rakatsetseka kubva mumhepo inoyerera. Ndiwo mudziyo unonyanya kushandiswa wekudzora kusvibiswa kwemhepo. Iwo anoshandiswa mumaindasitiri senge simbi zvidyarwa, uye thermal simba zvidyarwa.

Muna 1907, purofesa wekemesitiri Frederick Gardner Cottrell akapa patent yekutanga electrostatic precipitator yakashandiswa kuunganidza sulfuric acid mhute uye lead oxide fumes inobuda kubva kwakasiyana-siyana-ekugadzira asidhi uye kunyungudutsa.

electrostatic precipitator diagram

Kushanda Nheyo yeElectrostatic Precipitator

Nheyo yekushanda ye electrostatic precipitator iri pakati nepakati iri nyore. Inosanganisira maviri emagetsi emagetsi: akanaka uye asina kunaka. Ma electrode asina kunaka ari muchimiro chetambo mesh, uye ma electrode akanaka mahwendefa. Aya ma electrode akaiswa vertically uye anochinjana kune mumwe nemumwe.

kushanda musimboti we electrostatic precipitator

Zvimedu zvinotakurwa negasi zvakaita sedota zvinoiswa ioni neiyo yakakwira voltage discharge electrode neiyo corona effect. Izvi zvimedu zvinoiswa kuchaji isina kunaka uye zvinokwezvwa nemapuleti ekuunganidza anochajiswa.

Iyo yakaipa terminal yeyakakwira voltage DC sosi inoshandiswa kubatanidza iyo isina kunaka electrode, uye yakanaka terminal yeDC sosi inoshandiswa kubatanidza mahwendefa akanaka. Kuti ionize yepakati pakati peyakaipa uye yakanaka electrode, imwe chinhambwe chinochengetwa pakati pechakanaka, chisina kunaka electrode uye DC sosi zvichikonzera yakakwira voltage gradient.

Iyo yepakati inoshandiswa pakati pema electrode maviri imhepo. Panogona kunge paine corona discharge yakatenderedza ma electrode rods kana waya mesh nekuda kwekunyanya kuregeredza kwekubhadharisa zvisina kunaka. Iyo yese sisitimu yakavharirwa mumudziyo wesimbi une inopinza ye flue magasi uye yekubudisira magasi akasefa. Kune akawanda maerekitironi emahara sezvo maelectrodes ari ionized, ayo anopindirana neguruva zvidimbu zvegasi, zvichiita kuti apiswe zvisina kunaka. Aya ma particles anoenda kune yakanaka electrodes uye anodonha nekuda kwesimba regiravhiti. Iyo flue gasi haina kubva muguruva particles sezvainoyerera kuburikidza ne electrostatic precipitator uye inobudiswa kumhepo yemhepo kuburikidza nechimuney.

Mhando dzeElectrostatic Precipitator

Kune akasiyana electrostatic mhando, uye pano, isu tichadzidza imwe neimwe yadzo zvakadzama. Anotevera ndiwo marudzi matatu eESPs:

Plate precipitator: Iyi ndiyo inonyanya kukosha precipitator mhando ine mitsara yewaya dzakatetepa dzakatwasuka uye murwi wemarata akarongwa akasimudzwa mahombe akafuratira anoiswa chinhambwe che1cm kusvika 18cm kureba. Mhepo yemhepo inopfuudzwa yakachinjika nemumahwendefa akatwasuka uyezve nemumurwi mukuru wemahwendefa. Kuti ionize zvimedu, simba risina kunaka rinoshandiswa pakati petambo neplate. Aya maionized particles anobva atsauswa akananga kumaplateti akaiswa pasi achishandisa simba remagetsi. Sezvo zvimedu zvinounganidzwa pandiro yekuunganidza, zvinobviswa kubva mumhepo.

Dry electrostatic precipitator: Iyi precipitator inoshandiswa kuunganidza zvinosvibisa zvakaita sedota kana simende munzvimbo yakaoma. Inosanganisira ma electrodes ayo ma ionized particles anogadzirwa kuti ayerere nepakati uye hopper iyo iyo yakaunganidzwa zvidimbu inoburitswa kunze. Hupfu hwehupfu hunounganidzwa kubva murukova rwemhepo nekurova ma electrode.

Dry electrostatic precipitator

Wet electrostatic precipitator: Iyi precipitator inoshandiswa kubvisa resin, mafuta, tara, pendi yakanyorova muzvisikwa. Inosanganisira vateresi vanoramba vachipfapfaidzwa nemvura vachigadzira kuunganidzwa kweiyo ionized particles kubva kune sludge. Izvo zvinoshanda zvakanyanya kupfuura zvakaoma ESPs.

Tubular precipitator: Iyi precipitator idanho rimwe chete rine machubhu ane high voltage electrodes akarongwa anoenderana kune mumwe nemumwe zvekuti ari kumhanya paaxis yawo. Hurongwa hwemachubhu hunogona kunge hwakaita denderedzwa kana mativi mana ehuchi kana hutatu hune gasi richiyerera richikwira kana pasi. Iyo gasi inoitwa kuti ipfuure nemumachubhu ese. Ivo vanowana zvikumbiro panobviswa zvimedu zvinonamira.

Zvakanakira uye Zvakaipa

Zvakanakira zve electrostatic precipitator:

Kusimba kweESP kwakakwira.

Inogona kushandiswa pakuunganidza zvose zvakasvibiswa uye zvakanyorova.

Iine mari shoma yekushandisa.

Iko kuunganidza kunobudirira kwechigadzirwa kwakakwirira kunyange kune zviduku zviduku.

Inogona kubata mavhoriyamu makuru egasi uye guruva rinorema rinorema pakumanikidzwa kwakaderera.

Zvakaipa zve electrostatic precipitator:

Haikwanise kushandiswa kuburitsa gasi.

Kudiwa kwenzvimbo kwakawedzera.

Capital investment yakakwira.

Haisi kuchinjika kuchinja mumamiriro ekushanda.

Electrostatic Precipitator Applications

Mamwe mashoma anocherechedzwa emagetsi emagetsi precipitator application akanyorwa pazasi:

Maviri-nhanho ndiro ESPs anoshandiswa mumakamuri einjini echikepe sezvo giya bhokisi richiburitsa mhute yemafuta inoputika. Mafuta akaunganidzwa anoshandiswazve mugiya rekuzora.

Dry ESPs inoshandiswa muzvinopisa zvinomera kuchenesa mhepo mumhepo inofefetera uye mhepo inogadzirisa.

Vanowana zvikumbiro munharaunda yekurapa yekubvisa mabhakitiriya uye fungus.

Iwo anoshandiswa mu zirconium jecha kuti abvise rutile mumiti.

Ivo vanoshandiswa mune metallurgical maindasitiri kuchenesa kuputika.