Imvura ya Electrostatike ni iki?

Inganda nigice cyingenzi muri sisitemu yubukungu, kandi benshi bemeza ko ari uburenganzira bwabo kwihanganira imyotsi y’uruganda ihumeka ikirere. Ariko ntabwo benshi bazi ko ikoranabuhanga rifite igisubizo cyiza kuri ibi mumyaka irenga ijana muburyo bwimvura igwa. Ibi bigabanya cyane umwanda kandi bigafasha guteza imbere ibidukikije.

Imvura ya Electrostatike ni iki?

Imvura ya electrostatike (ESP) isobanurwa nkigikoresho cyo kuyungurura gikoreshwa mugukuraho ibice byiza nkumwotsi numukungugu mwiza muri gaze itemba. Nibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane mukurwanya ikirere. Zikoreshwa mu nganda nkinganda zibyuma, ninganda zumuriro.

Mu 1907, umwarimu w’ubutabire, Frederick Gardner Cottrell, yapanze imvura ya mbere ya electrostatike y’imvura yakoreshejwe mu gukusanya ibicu bya acide sulfurike no kuyobora imyotsi ya oxyde iva mu bikorwa bitandukanye byo gukora aside no gushonga.

igishushanyo mbonera cya electrostatike

Ihame ry'akazi rya Electrostatic Precipitator

Ihame ryakazi ryimvura ya electrostatike iroroshye. Igizwe nibice bibiri bya electrode: nziza nibibi. Electrode mbi iri muburyo bwa meshi, kandi electrode nziza ni plaque. Izi electrode zishyizwe muburyo kandi zirasimburana.

ihame ryakazi ryimvura ya electrostatike

Ibice bitwarwa na gaze nka ivu byerekanwa na electrode nyinshi isohora electrode n'ingaruka za corona. Utwo duce twa ionised ku giciro kibi kandi gikururwa ku byapa byegeranijwe neza.

Ikirangantego kibi cya voltage nini ya DC ikoreshwa muguhuza electrode mbi, naho itumanaho ryiza ryisoko rya DC rikoreshwa muguhuza ibyapa byiza. Kugirango ionize ikigereranyo kiri hagati ya electrode nziza na positif nziza, intera runaka igumaho hagati ya electrode nziza, itari nziza na DC isoko bivamo umuvuduko mwinshi wa voltage.

Ikoreshwa rikoreshwa hagati ya electrode zombi ni umwuka. Hashobora kubaho gusohora corona hafi yinkoni ya electrode cyangwa inshundura zinsinga kubera negativite nyinshi yumuriro mubi. Sisitemu yose ikikijwe mubintu byabugenewe birimo inleti ya gaze ya flue hamwe nisohoka rya gaze zungurujwe. Hano hari electron nyinshi zubuntu nkuko electrode iba ionisiyoneri, ikorana nuduce twumukungugu wa gaze, bigatuma itwarwa nabi. Ibi bice bigenda byerekeza kuri electrode nziza kandi bigwa kuberaimbaraga rukuruzi. Umwuka wa flue utarangwamo umukungugu kuko unyura mu mvura ya electrostatike hanyuma ukajugunywa mu kirere binyuze muri chimney.

Ubwoko bwa Electrostatic Precipitator

Hariho ubwoko butandukanye bwa electrostatike, kandi hano, tuziga buri kimwe muriburyo. Ibikurikira nuburyo butatu bwa ESPs:

Imvura ya plaque: Ubu ni bwo buryo bwibanze bwimvura igizwe numurongo winsinga zoroheje kandi zometse kumurongo uhagaritse ibyuma binini byashyizwe kumurongo uri hagati ya 1cm na 18cm zitandukanye. Umugezi wo mu kirere unyuzwa mu buryo butambitse unyuze mu byapa bihagaritse hanyuma unyuze mu gice kinini cy'amasahani. Kugirango ionize ibice, hakoreshwa voltage itari nziza hagati yinsinga nisahani. Utwo duce twa ionized noneho twerekeza ku isahani yubutaka hakoreshejwe imbaraga za electrostatike. Nkuko ibice byegeranijwe ku isahani yo gukusanya, bivanwa mu kirere.

Imvura yumye ya electrostatike: Iyi mvura ikoreshwa mugukusanya umwanda nka ivu cyangwa sima mugihe cyumye. Igizwe na electrode inyuzamo ibice bya ionisiyoneri bikozwemo kunyuramo hamwe na hopper inyuramo ibice byegeranijwe. Umukungugu wumukungugu ukusanywa mumugezi wumuyaga ukoresheje electrode.

Imvura yumye ya electrostatike

Imvura itose ya electrostatike: Iyi mvura ikoreshwa mugukuraho resin, amavuta, igituba, irangi ritose muri kamere. Igizwe nabakusanyirizo bahora baterwa namazi bigatuma ikusanyirizo ryibice bya ioniside biva mumazi. Bikora neza kuruta ESP yumye.

Imvura igwa: Iyi mvura nigice kimwe kigizwe nigituba gifite amashanyarazi menshi ya electrode itunganijwe ibangikanye kuburyo ikorera kumurongo. Gutondekanya imiyoboro irashobora kuba umuzenguruko cyangwa kare cyangwa ubuki bwa mpande esheshatu hamwe na gaze itemba hejuru cyangwa hepfo. Gazi ikorwa kugirango inyure mu miyoboro yose. Basanga porogaramu aho ibice bifatika bigomba kuvaho.

Ibyiza n'ibibi

Ibyiza by'imvura igwa:

Kuramba kwa ESP ni hejuru.

Irashobora gukoreshwa mugukusanya imyanda yumye kandi itose.

Ifite amafaranga make yo gukora.

Ikusanyirizo ryiza ryibikoresho ni ryinshi ndetse no ku tuntu duto.

Irashobora gukora ingano nini ya gaze hamwe nuburemere bwumukungugu mwinshi kumuvuduko muke.

Ibibi by'imvura igwa:

Ntishobora gukoreshwa mubyuka bihumanya.

Umwanya usabwa ni byinshi.

Ishoramari shoramari ni ryinshi.

Ntabwo bihinduka kugirango uhindure imikorere.

Amashanyarazi ya Electrostatike

Porogaramu nkeya ya electrostatike yimvura ikoreshwa hano hepfo:

Isahani y'ibyiciro bibiri ESPs ikoreshwa mubyumba bya moteri byubwato nkuko garebox itanga amavuta aturika. Amavuta yakusanyijwe yongeye gukoreshwa muri sisitemu yo gusiga ibikoresho.

ESP yumye ikoreshwa mubihingwa byubushyuhe kugirango isukure umwuka muburyo bwo guhumeka no guhumeka.

Basanga ibyifuzo mubuvuzi bwo gukuraho bagiteri na fungus.

Zikoreshwa mumucanga wa zirconium mugutandukanya rutile mubihingwa.

Zikoreshwa mu nganda zibyuma kugirango zisukure.