"Wakupha fumbi la mafakitale! Ulula zinsinsi ndi momwe angagwiritsire ntchito kuchotsa fumbi pogwiritsa ntchito nsanja zopopera ndi zosefera m'matumba"

M'mafakitale, kuwongolera fumbi ndikofunikira kuti pakhale malo otetezeka komanso athanzi ogwira ntchito, kuteteza zida kuti zisawonongeke, komanso kutsatira malamulo a chilengedwe. Njira zochotsera fumbi zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pokwaniritsa zolingazi. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza njira zitatu zodziwika bwino zochotsera fumbi: nsanja zopopera (zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti zosefera), zosefera zamatumba (zosefera zansalu), ndi zowongolera zamagetsi, ndikuwunika mfundo zawo, ntchito, zabwino, ndi malire.

1. Spray Towers (Wet Scrubbers)

Mfundo Zogwirira Ntchito:

Zinsanja zopopera, kapena zotsukira zonyowa, gwiritsani ntchito sing'anga yamadzi kuti mugwire ndikuchotsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono kuchokera ku mitsinje ya gasi. Mpweya woipitsidwa ukalowa munsanjayo, umakumana ndi kupopera madzi kapena mankhwala. Madonthowa amalanda fumbi kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana monga kukhudza, kufalikira, ndi kutsekereza. Chifukwa chake slurry imalekanitsidwa, ndipo mpweya woyeretsedwa umatuluka mu dongosolo.

Mapulogalamu:

Zinsanja zopopera zimagwira ntchito pogwira fumbi lomwe lili ndi zinthu zambiri za hygroscopic (zonyowa mosavuta) ndi mpweya wokhala ndi zigawo za acidic kapena zamchere. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga kupanga magetsi, kupanga zitsulo, ndi kukonza mankhwala, komwe kukolopa konyowa kungathandizenso kuchepetsa mpweya woipa.

Ubwino wake:

• Kuchotsa kwakukulu kwa mitundu ina ya fumbi ndi mpweya.
• Ikhoza kusokoneza mpweya wa acidic kapena alkaline panthawi imodzi.
• Oyenera kunyamula mpweya wambiri.

Zolepheretsa:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi kutaya madzi oipa kungakhale kofunikira.
• Mavuto a dzimbiri angabwere chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito madzi kapena mankhwala.
• Si yabwino kwa fumbi zomata kapena zosasungunuka m'madzi.

2. Zosefera Zachikwama (Zosefera Zisalu)

Mfundo Zogwirira Ntchito:

Zosefera zikwama zimagwiritsa ntchito matumba ansalu a porous ngati njira yoyambira kusefera. Pamene mpweya wodzaza fumbi umadutsa pansalu, tinthu tating'onoting'ono timatsekeredwa pamwamba pa matumba chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa inertia pakati pa mpweya ndi particles. Mpweya woyera umadutsa munsalu ndikutuluka mu dongosolo, pamene fumbi losanjikiza limachotsedwa nthawi ndi nthawi kupyolera mu kugwedezeka, kugwedeza, kapena kubwerera kumbuyo.

Mapulogalamu:

Zosefera za thumba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza simenti, migodi, kukonza chakudya, ndi mankhwala, komwe amachotsa fumbi lamphamvu kwambiri pafumbi louma komanso lonyowa.

Ubwino wake:

• Kuchotsa kwakukulu, nthawi zambiri kumadutsa 99%.
• Zofunikira zocheperako zikakonzedwa bwino ndikuyendetsedwa bwino.
• Wokhoza kusamalira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya fumbi ndi kukula kwa tinthu.

Zolepheretsa:

• Kutsika kwamphamvu kwa fyuluta kumatha kuwonjezeka pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimafuna mphamvu zambiri kuti zigwire ntchito.
• Kuyeretsa pafupipafupi kungakhale kofunikira kuti zisungidwe bwino.
• Kumverera kwa kutentha ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi muzinthu zina.

Mapeto

Ukadaulo uliwonse wochotsa fumbi-nsanja zopopera, zosefera zikwama, ndi ma electrostatic precipitators-zili ndi mphamvu ndi zolephera zake zapadera, zomwe zimapangitsa kusankha kwadongosolo kumadalira kwambiri zomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito. Poganizira mosamala zinthu monga mtundu wa fumbi, kapangidwe ka gasi, kutentha, komanso kutsika mtengo, mafakitale amatha kusankha njira yabwino kwambiri yochotsera fumbi kuti atsimikizire kuti malo ogwirira ntchito amakhala oyera, otetezeka komanso ogwirizana.