Menene Mai Haɓakawa na Electrostatic?

Masana'antu wani bangare ne na tsarin tattalin arzikinmu, kuma mutane da yawa sun yi imanin cewa hakkinsu ne su jure da hayakin masana'anta da ke shake iska. Amma ba mutane da yawa sun san cewa fasaha tana da kyakkyawan mafita ga wannan sama da ƙarni guda a cikin sifar masu haɗa wutar lantarki. Wadannan suna rage gurbatar yanayi sosai kuma suna taimakawa inganta muhalli.

Menene Mai Haɓakawa na Electrostatic?

Ana bayyana ma'aunin wutar lantarki (ESP) a matsayin na'urar tacewa da ake amfani da ita don cire tsattsauran ra'ayi kamar hayaki da ƙura mai kyau daga iskar gas mai gudana. Ita ce na'urar da aka fi amfani da ita don sarrafa gurɓataccen iska. Ana amfani da su a masana'antu kamar tsire-tsire na karfe, da tsire-tsire masu makamashi na thermal.

A shekara ta 1907, farfesa a fannin ilmin sunadarai Frederick Gardner Cottrell ya ba da haƙƙin haƙƙin na'urar lantarki ta farko da aka yi amfani da ita don tattara hazo na sulfuric acid da hayaƙin gubar oxide da ke fitowa daga ayyuka daban-daban na yin acid da narkewa.

zane-zane na hazo electrostatic

Ƙa'idar Aiki na Electrostatic Precipitator

Ka'idar aiki na mai hazo electrostatic yana da sauƙi matsakaici. Ya ƙunshi nau'ikan lantarki guda biyu: tabbatacce da korau. Na'urorin lantarki mara kyau suna cikin nau'in raga na waya, kuma ingantattun wayoyin lantarki faranti ne. Ana ajiye waɗannan na'urorin lantarki a tsaye kuma suna musaya da juna.

ka'idar aiki na electrostatic precipitator

Barbasar da ke ɗauke da iskar gas kamar ash suna ionized ta hanyar babban ƙarfin lantarki fitarwa ta hanyar tasirin corona. Waɗannan ɓangarorin suna ioniced zuwa mummunan caji kuma ana jan hankalin su zuwa faranti masu caji mai inganci.

Ana amfani da madaidaicin tashar wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi na tushen DC don haɗa na'urorin lantarki mara kyau, kuma ana amfani da tasha mai kyau na tushen DC don haɗa faranti masu kyau. Don ionize matsakaici tsakanin korau da tabbataccen lantarki, ana kiyaye wani tazara tsakanin tabbatacce, korau electrode da tushen DC wanda ke haifar da babban ƙarfin ƙarfin lantarki.

Matsakaicin da ake amfani da shi tsakanin lantarki biyu shine iska. Za a iya samun fitarwar korona a kusa da sandunan lantarki ko ragar waya saboda babban rashin cajin mara kyau. An rufe gaba dayan tsarin a cikin wani akwati na ƙarfe wanda ke ɗauke da mashigai don iskar hayaƙin hayaƙi da mashigar iskar gas ɗin da aka tace. Akwai da yawa na electrons kyauta yayin da na'urorin lantarki suke ionized, wanda ke hulɗa tare da barbashi na ƙurar gas, yana sa su cajin da ba daidai ba. Wadannan barbashi suna matsawa zuwa na'urorin lantarki masu inganci kuma suna faɗi sabodakarfin nauyi. Gas ɗin hayaƙin ba shi da 'yanci daga ƙurar ƙura yayin da yake gudana ta cikin ma'aunin lantarki kuma ana fitar da shi zuwa sararin samaniya ta cikin bututun hayaƙi.

Nau'in Electrostatic Precipitator

Akwai nau'ikan electrostatic daban-daban, kuma a nan, zamuyi nazarin kowanne ɗayan su daki-daki. Masu zuwa sune nau'ikan ESP guda uku:

Plate precipitator: Wannan shine mafi asali nau'in hazo wanda ya ƙunshi layuka na siraran wayoyi a tsaye da kuma tarin manyan faranti na ƙarfe masu ɗorewa waɗanda aka jera a tsaye a nesa na 1cm zuwa 18cm. Rafin iska yana wucewa a kwance ta cikin faranti na tsaye sannan kuma ta cikin babban tarin faranti. Domin ionize barbashi, ana amfani da wutar lantarki mara kyau tsakanin waya da farantin karfe. Ana karkatar da waɗannan ɓangarorin ion ɗin zuwa ga faranti na ƙasa ta amfani da ƙarfin lantarki. Yayin da ɓangarorin ke tattarawa akan farantin tarin, ana cire su daga rafin iska.

Dry electrostatic precipitator: Ana amfani da wannan hazo don tattara gurɓataccen abu kamar toka ko siminti a cikin busasshen yanayi. Ya ƙunshi na'urori masu auna sigina waɗanda ta cikin su ake sanya ɓangarori masu ionized suna gudana ta cikin su da kuma wani hopper da ake fitar da barbashi da aka tattara. Ana tattara ɓangarorin ƙurar daga rafin iska ta hanyar tursasa na'urorin lantarki.

Busassun na'urar lantarki

Wet electrostatic precipitator: Ana amfani da wannan hazo don cire guduro, mai, kwalta, fenti waɗanda suke da jika a yanayi. Ya ƙunshi masu tarawa waɗanda ake ci gaba da fesa ruwa tare da yin tarin abubuwan ionized daga sludge. Sun fi inganci fiye da busassun ESPs.

Tubular precipitator: Wannan hazo naúrar mataki ɗaya ce da ke kunshe da bututu masu ƙarfin lantarki masu ƙarfi waɗanda aka jera layi ɗaya da juna ta yadda suke tafiya akan axis. Shirye-shiryen bututu na iya zama madauwari ko murabba'i ko saƙar zuma hexagonal tare da gas ko dai yana gudana sama ko ƙasa. Ana sanya iskar gas ta ratsa cikin dukkan bututun. Suna samun aikace-aikace inda za'a cire barbashi masu ɗaki.

Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani

Fa'idodin electrostatic precipitator:

Dorewar ESP yana da girma.

Ana iya amfani dashi don tarin duka busassun bushe da rigar.

Yana da ƙananan farashin aiki.

Ayyukan tarin na'urar yana da girma har ma da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.

Yana iya ɗaukar manyan juzu'in iskar gas da ƙura mai nauyi a ƙananan matsi.

Lalacewar wutar lantarki:

Ba za a iya amfani da iskar gas ba.

Bukatar sarari ya fi.

Zuba jarin jari yana da yawa.

Ba a daidaita shi don canzawa a yanayin aiki.

Aikace-aikacen Haɓaka Wuta na Electrostatic

An jera ƴan sanannun aikace-aikacen hazo na electrostatic a ƙasa:

Ana amfani da ESPs faranti biyu a cikin dakunan injin na allo yayin da akwatin gear ke samar da hazo mai fashewa. Ana sake amfani da man da aka tattara a cikin tsarin lubricating na kaya.

Ana amfani da busassun ESPs a cikin tsire-tsire masu zafi don tsaftace iska a cikin iska da tsarin kwandishan.

Suna samun aikace-aikace a fannin likitanci don kawar da kwayoyin cuta da naman gwari.

Ana amfani da su a cikin yashi zirconium don cire rutile a cikin tsire-tsire.

Ana amfani da su a masana'antar ƙarfe don tsabtace fashewar.